Agricultura e meio ambiente: uma análise da qualidade hídrica do Rio Canastra e das políticas públicas voltadas ao recurso no município de Itapuranga - GO
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2011-10-26
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Mankind has a big challenge to overcome the scarcity of water. In this context, Brazil has a huge
natural heritage, which concentrates a large amount of fresh water in its territory.However, this
apparent abundance is distributed unevenly throughout Brazil, being mainly concentrated in the
northern region which has less population density. Brazil as a major producer of agricultural
products should be concerned with the practices used in the collection and disposal of water,
since this economic activity consumes about 70% of all water consumed by man. Besides its use
in the rural labor activity, surface waters are sources of urban water supply in thousands of
Brazilian municipalities. The river is the main Canastra water resources of the municipality of
Itapuranga-GO, its waters being used in rural production and supply of urban population. The
resource has been degraded over the years, being perceived by the population of the municipality
the fall of its quality year after year. The research identified a common sense of people that the
river was highly polluted, and that, according to this, those responsible for this pollution were the
pesticide and the municipal dump. An analysis of the physico-chemical use, and collected
samples at six different points. The analysis indicated that, under the parameters studied, the
water is classified as Class II Freshwater. We applied three different questionnaires, the first
aimed at directors, municipal secretaries, teachers and presidents of associations. The second
targeted farmers bordering the third appeal to farmers and the municipality of Itapuranga. All
questionnaires sought to identify the perceptions of respondents about the quality of the resource
and its potential polluters, and identify public policies for maintaining and restoring water quality
of the resource. It being common, the perceived loss of water quality and lack of specific
policies. We analyzed all municipal legislation dedicated to the environment and especially
water resources, and also investigated the history of public policies developed in the city. Found
in research that policy initiatives always part of the organized civil society, municipal
government exercising the role. The survey showed that the municipal legislation provides the
legal text in your programs that seek to implement policies, which must be fulfilled immediately,
and the rules of budgetary transfers to the local environmental agency. The incursions of the
river a reality stripped of violation of environmental legislation that endangers the continuity and
quality of the resource. It was found that the income of farmers is borderline average to maintain
their basic needs, and the administration to create conditions that promote the preservation act
without risk to their food security. The research concluded that the foundations for the
implementation of public policies aimed at maintaining the quality of the river are ready, the
government simply put into practice what is already defined by law.
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VALVERDE, M. C. S. Agricultura e meio ambiente: uma análise da qualidade hídrica do Rio Canastra e das políticas públicas voltadas ao recurso no município de Itapuranga - GO. 2011. 84 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronegócio) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2011.