Manejo da adubação potássica e da irrigação localizada na cultura do pinhão manso no cerrado
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Data
2014-04-01
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
The cultivation of jatropha is attracting great interest for the production of
biodiesel. Despite irrigation and fertilization contribute to the better development of the
culture, few research has been done about this. So the objective of this study was to
evaluate the effect of irrigation levels and dose of potassium fertilization on the growth of
aerial part and seed productivity of jatropha, and levels of irrigation on the distribution of
roots of culture. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the School of
Agronomy from Federal University of Goiás, during the period of two years. Was
evaluation twelve of epochs respectively in the first and second agricultural year, in
intervals of thirty days, coinciding with the dates of the characteristics evaluated. In
evaluating the growth of the aerial part of the culture, the treatments consisted of four
levels of irrigation, being: N0 = rainfed (control), N40 = 40% of Class A pan evaporation
(ECA), N80 = 80% ECA, and N120 = 120% ECA, four rates of potassium fertilization:
K40 = 40 kg ha-1 K2O, K80 = 80 kg ha-1 K2O; K120 = 120 kg ha-1 K2O, and K160 = 160
kg ha-1 K2O, based on the first year of fertilization. For analysis of seed productivity of
jatropha, used the same irrigation treatments and potassium fertilizer used in the analysis of
growth the aerial part. Already the system root was evaluating by monolith methodology in
the treatments with 80 kg ha-1 of K2O to four levels of irrigation, sampled in three depth: 0-
25, 25-50 e 50-100 cm in five position in relation the stem of culture. The design was a
randomized block with four replications. The irrigation system used was microsprinkler
with frequency the irrigation to three times of week, by Monday, Wednesday and Fryday.
Was evaluated the following parameters of crop growth culture: plant height, crown
projection area, stem diameter, number of branches in the main branch and root
distribution. Potassium fertilizer and irrigation levels promoted significant increase in the parameters of vegetative growth of plants jatropha grown in the Cerrado. The level
medium the irrigation of 115% to ECA and 125 kg ha-1 to K2O, was showed the best result,
but the levels of irrigation not influenced the root density the jatrophas plant cultivate in
Cerrado the plant roots tended to be distributed in the topsoil and near the emitter. The
effective root depth of jatropha is 0.50 m. The applied rates of potassium fertilization did
not affect the seed yield of jatropha, while the irrigation level of 67% ECA maximized
productivity, reaching 658 kg ha-1.
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COSTA, F. R. Manejo da adubação potássica e da irrigação localizada na cultura do pinhão manso no cerrado. 2014. 61 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2014.