Filme à base de quitosana na prevenção de aderências peritoniais em coelhos
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2009-09-28
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Peritoneal adhesions are fibrous bands that form abnormal unions between two or
more serosal coating surfaces, may cause obstructions of abdominal tubular
organs and pelvic pain. Several studies have been performed using antiinflammatory,
anticoagulant, proteolytic agents and biomaterials in the form of film
or gel, with the aim of preventing or simply reduce the formation of peritoneal
adhesions. The chitosan is a polymer obtained by deacetylation of chitin, a
polysaccharide obtained from the exoskeleton of crustaceans and has been used
in various medical specialties as a biomaterial. The aim of this study was to
evaluate the film based on chitosan as a barrier in the formation of postoperative
intestinal adhesions in rabbits. For this, 30 rabbits used were male adult, race New
Zealand, with an average weight of three kilograms and clinically healthy, of which
15 were submitted to enterotomy (control group) and 15 to enterotomy with
overlap of the chitosan-based film at the intestinal incision (treatment group). Five
animals from each group were assessed at seven, 14 and 21 days
postoperatively, when held to the macroscopic evaluation of adhesions with regard
presence, extent and type, and also performed microscopic evaluation of the
enterorrhaphy site and hematimetric exams. The adhesions occurred in 80% of
subjects in the control group and 86.7% of treatment group. In the control group
50% of the animals developed adhesions between the site of enterorrhaphy and
abdominal wall, while in the treatment group 76.9% of individuals had adhesions
between the site of enterorrhaphy and adjacent bowel. The control group had
formed adhesions extensions higher than in treatment group. We found statistical
differences between subgroups T7 and C7, C14 and T14 on the extent of
adhesions (p ≤ 0.05) but not between C21 and T21. Also no significant differences
between subgroups on the type of adhesions were seen. As for the
histopathological evaluation, there was significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) between
the subgroup C7, where 80% of samples the score was considered strong, and T7
in that 80% of the samples was considered moderate score on the concentration
of fibroblasts and angiogenesis. Regarding the variable necrosis, was observed in
40% of samples of T7 and 0% of C7 and therefore statistically different (p ≤ 0.05).
Significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) were also found between the groups C14 and T14 on variables heterophils (C14, 80% score discreet, T14, 80% score marked),
eosinophils (score of 60% in discrete T14, but absent in C14) and necrosis (mild in
60% of C14 and severe in 80% of T14). In subgroups C21 and T21 only the
scores of mononuclear cells were statistically different (p ≤ 0.05). The
hematimetric variables remained within the normal values for the species. Based
on the results we can conclude that the chitosan-based film reduces the extent of
intestinal adhesions in rabbits and is useful as a barrier system in this species and
that this film, when overlaid with a wound of rabbits induces intestinal tissue
response to formation of caseous material.
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CARVALHO, Y. R. Filme à base de quitosana na prevenção de aderências peritoniais em coelhos. 2009. 31 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência Animal) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2009.