Desenvolvimento de pellets revestidos para liberação cólon-específica dos polifenóis de Bidens pilosa L.
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2015-09-30
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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Inflammatory bowel diseases (DII) are pathological conditions that affect the gastrointestinal mucosa. Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are the most prevalent DII. The current therapy for these diseases aimed to control relapses and are based on the oral administration of anti-inflammatory drugs, immunosuppressants, antibiotics and biological agents. These agents have been used chronically and generally have low efficacy and significant systemic side effects. The use of herbal medicines has shown good results in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, including DII. The Bidens pilosa L. is a species widely used in Brazilian popular medicine and some studies have proven its anti-inflammatory effect. Another strategy to improve DII treatment is to target the active compounds to the colon, thus ensuring the topical treatment of inflammatory diseases, with greater efficiency and safety. Objective: The objective of the present work was to develop multiparticulate systems (pellets) coated with pH-dependent and/or time-dependent polymers, to provide colonic release of the constituents of the Bidens pilosa extract. Materials and Methods: Two different commercial extracts of Bidens pilosa (glycolic and hydroethanolic) were purchased and characterized. These extracts were then concentrated on rotaevaporator under reduced pressure. The amount of total polyphenols was determined by Folin-Ciocauteau colorimetric reaction. Then, microcrystalline cellulose pellets were obtained by extrusion-spheronisation technique using concentrated extracts as binder. The pellets were coated in a fluidized bed with different polymers (ethylcellulose, Opadry® 94k and Eudragit® FS30D). Morphological, size and flow rate analysis were performed and polyphenols content in pellets was determined. Finally, in vitro release of the polyphenols was determined. Results and Discussion: The concentration step resulted in products with total polyphenol content 5 times higher compared to the original extracts. The concentrated extracts were successfully used as a binder in the pellet preparation by extrusion-spheronization. Pellets prepared with the glycolic extract and coated with ethylcellulose showed vacuoles in the coat layer and released almost 100% in 120 minutes. On the contrary, pellets containing the hydroethanolic extract coated with 28% ethylcellulose showed only 30% of polyphenol released after 6 h of experiment; however, these pellets showed incomplete drug release at the end of the experiment. In view of these results, the pellets containing hydroethanolic extract were also coated with Eudragit® FS 30D or Opadry® 94k. The in vitro drug release showed no colon-specific release of polyphenols, even in the absence of glycerin. Then, an internal layer of ethylcellulose (10% weight gain) and an external coat of Eudragit FS30D were applied on the pellets. This association resulted in an increase in the colon-specific release efficiency and this formulation should be further studied aiming its future use as a phytomedicine to the treatment of the inflammatory bowel diseases.
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SERPA, Raphael Caixeta. Desenvolvimento de pellets revestidos para liberação cólon-específica dos polifenóis de Bidens pilosa L. 2015. 66 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2015.