Efeitos contemporâneos vs efeitos filogenéticos na determinação de características ecológicas e comportamentais em anfíbios anuros
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2012-03-02
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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Ecological and behavior species traits could have their origin in ancestor choice or being shaped by the environment. Studies that disassociated ecological and phylogenetic traits of species can be a problem, being the exclusion of one or another perspective weakening the general evolutionary explanation. Thereby, the aim of this study is to dissociate the ecological and phylogenetic effects, allowing to realize inferences about the process that shaped anuran communities. The present thesis was structured in two chapters: i) the aim of the first chapter was to analyze how tadpoles ecological preferences by different guilds (mainly the microhabitat choice) can be explained for ecological interactions (measured by morphological similarities) or evolutionary relationships among species (measured by phylogenetic distance). We found that, both the interspecifics relationships and the evolutionary history were important to explain the tadpoles microhabitat selection. However, the importance of these factors changed in function of the criterion to measure the morphological similarities (traditional or geometric morphometric). ii) The second chapter aims to test if the testes weight in anurans with different temporal mating strategies (prolonged or explosive) are affected by ecological and/or phylogenetic factors, and if the sexual selection acts in different ways according to temporal mating strategies. We didn‟t find associations of phylogeny and testes weight, being the contemporary factors, as the reproductive strategy of anurans, more important to explain the observed variation. Explosive breeders have the testes weight association with males and females size, which suggests sperm competition. Prolonged breeders have the testes weight association just with female size, suggesting that the sperm competition is less likely to occur.
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MARQUES, N. C. S. Efeitos contemporâneos vs efeitos filogenéticos na determinação de características ecológicas e comportamentais em anfíbios anuros. 2012. 85 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ecologia e Evolução) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2012.