Estimativa da vulnerabilidade dos corais brasileiros
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Data
2016-02-26
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Coral reefs are of extreme importance to both nature and society, due to being
responsible for several services and harbouring hundreds of species. Despite such critical
importance, reef corals current suffered heavy losses since the Anthropocene, with 20% of
world´s corals damaged beyond recovery due to human pressure and coastal development. This
scenario is even worse, since corals are especially vulnerable to climate change and the entire
ecosystem could go extinct by 2050. In this study we focus on comparing the already
established impacts from human development and the yet happen losses from climate change
on Brazilian corals, a unique fauna that still have gaps in knowledge. We created environmental
suitability models for 24 species and quantified individual losses from both climate change and
human activities. From the individual results we derived an overall pattern, in which we found
out that future losses from climate alteration are equivalent to current losses from human
activities. We then used the spatial distribution of those activities and key areas for
conservation, determined with software Zonation, to select six areas in the Brazilian exclusive
economic zone where proactive and reactive conservation strategies should be implanted, given
its importance to biodiversity and concentrated anthropogenic impacts. Overall suitability
losses were of approximately 30% for both sources and 60% of the areas will continue to be
suitable in the future. Therefore, Brazilian corals will experience heavy losses from climate,
especially the loss of highly suitable areas, which are compared to effects from human
economic activities. Coral situation is likely to be even worse, if we were to consider bleaching,
ocean acidification and diseases, events expected to increase with the rising temperature.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Species distribution model , Evaluation , ENM , SDM , Coral , Independence , Marine environments climate change , Anthropogenic impacts , Seascape ecology , Prioritisation , Coral reefs , Environmental niche modelling , Recifes de coral , Conservação , Vulnerabilidade , Modelos de distribuição , Avaliação de modelos de distribuição
Citação
ANDRADE, A. F. A. Estimativa da vulnerabilidade dos corais brasileiros. 2016. 78 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ecologia e Evolução) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2016.