Evapotranspiração e coeficiente de cultura do tomateiro industrial estimado por sensoriamento utilizando o algoritmo SAFER
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2016-03-02
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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The production of industrial tomato has stood out in the Brazilian agribusiness scenario. In the Cerrado region, production occurs in the dry season (May to October), in large irrigated areas, mainly by central pivot (irrigation system accounts for about 90% of the industrial tomato production area). Although the production is considered hi-tech, the sector is still very lacking in technical and scientific information to assist the crop reaches potential productivity and quality in the region. Proof of this is the low average yield obtained (80 t/ha) compared to major producing regions in the world (Spain, United States, mainly), which feature double that productivity. One of the required information is the water requirement of tomato hybrids on local growing conditions. The refinement of this information can contribute to a better design of irrigation projects, as well as better water management throughout the cycle, and the better management of water resources. However, traditional methods of research, in this area, require the use of evapotranspirometers, which are expensive and require occasional and data acquisition systems, which complicates their use. More, remote sensing techniques have been applied effectively, already tested in other regions and have been quite promising. This study aimed to estimate the current crop evapotranspiration (ET) two tomato hybrid for industrial processing, N901 and H1308, and their respective crop coefficients (Kc) by the energy balance model SAFER (Simple Algorithm for Evapotranspiration Retrieving) is using images from Landsat 8 OLI / TIRS in orbit 221/72 and 222/71, and compared to traditional micrometeorological method using reference evapotranspiration (ETo Penman-Monteith), with Kcs recommended by FAO 56 and Embrapa. The study was conducted at Fazenda head of Piracanjuba in the municipality of Silvânia-GO, in the period from May to August 2015, in clay soil with conventional tillage. In addition, the leaf water potential (weekly) and the water content in the soil water balance by the dynamic site was monitored. The water potential in leaf and soil moisture show that no water deficit throughout the 122-day cycle. The results showed also that the culture accumulated total evapotranspiration of 351.97, 340.97 and 356.24 mm, by FAO 56, EMBRAPA and SAFER methods, respectively. The Kcs estimated by SAFER method showed a significant correlation with the methods FAO 56 and Embrapa (FAO 56, R ² = 0.98; Embrapa, R² = 0.95).A ETa estimated by SAFER method showed a significant correlation with micrometeorological methods (FAO 56, R2 = 0.97 and EMBRAPA, R2 = 0.97). Therefore, Safer can be used to estimate the tomato ETa in the Cerrado region.
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SALES, D. L. A. Evapotranspiração e coeficiente de cultura do tomateiro industrial estimado por sensoriamento utilizando o algoritmo SAFER. 2016. 65 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2016.