Algoritmos genéticos compactados para estimação de direção de chegada e conformação de feixe num arranjo de antenas em ambiente CDMA
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2015-07-06
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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The continuous technological advances in the areas of electronics and programming made the signal processing techniques much easier to implement, allowing them to be incorporated in the communication systems, improving their performance. This work approaches the problem of estimating direction of arrival or angle of incidence (DOA) of electromagnetic wave fronts of a linear antenna array, and of beamforming of the array. Among the various techniques that exist in the literature, the Least Mean Squared algorithm (LMS) is a deterministic method that stands out for its simplicity, ease of implementation and the tendency to find local minima. On the other hand, the Genetic Algorithm (GA) is a heuristic method that ensures more comprehensive exploration possibilities avoiding the tendency of sticking to local minima, but offering greater difficulty of implementation, and higher computational complexity. The recently proposed Compact Genetic Algorithm (cGA) is a tool that shares all the virtues of GA, but without requiring the large computational cost that a GA entails. Since this method has not yet been used for controlling antenna arrays, this paper proposes to use it as the estimation of DOA and beamforming, in addition to enhance it with a number of modifications to make it more robust and more complete, though making it computationally heavier. This work presents simulations where the proposed adaptive receiver is evaluated under different scenarios of signal to noise ratio (SNR), number of interfering sources and convergence velocity. Moreover, moving users tracking situations are simulated, where the receiver's ability to adapt its radiation pattern is tested. All tests were done in the code division multiple access (CDMA) environment, where the only information available to the receiver are the sources spreading codes. To verify the operation of the cGA, its performance was compared with that of the LMS algorithm simulation under the same simulation conditions.
The development of this thesis allowed to publish the articles named Adaptive Beamforming for Moving Targets Using Genetic Algorithms and a CDMA Reference Signal in the IEEE Colombian Conference on Communications and Computing COLCOM 2015, and Adaptive Beamforming for Moving Targets Using Genetic Algorithms in the IEEE Workshop on Engineering Applications WEA 2015 – International Congress on Engineering. The last one was accepted as an extended version to be publish in the magazine INGENIERÍA that belongs to the Distrital Francisco José de Caldas University in Bogotá, Colombia.
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BELTRÁN, D. F. B. Algoritmos genéticos compactados para estimação de direção de chegada e conformação de feixe num arranjo de antenas em ambiente CDMA. 2015. 116 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Elétrica e da Computação) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2015;