Potencial madeireiro de 22 espécies arbóreas do cerrado: caracterização anatômica, física e energética
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2016-04-25
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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In Cerrado there are about 6.500 species of woody flora, more than 40% are endemic, little known and poorly studied from the point of wood quality. The objective of this study is to determine timber potential from tree species that belongs to Cerrado biome, aiming the correct utilization to support sustainable forest management. Twenty two (22) woody species were selected for sampling, when radial trunk nondestructive samples (at diameter at breast height - DBH) were taken, using a increment probe and a motorized extractor metal probe. In the collected samples, the following variables were evaluated: wood density by x-ray densitometry and anatomical characteristics (dimensions of the vessels and fibers) and energy (carbon, ash and volatiles). Minimum wood density ranged from 0,36 to 0,72 g / cm³, while the maximum from 0,75 to 1,21 g / cm³. Radial profiles of density variation of the species showed two different patterns, being them crescent or stable in the direction of pith-bark. Studied species showed a variation of 900,5 to 2052,9 μm to length; 18,1 to 27,7 μm for width; 4,4 to 9,4 μm for the wall thickness and from 3,5 to 16,3 μm for the lumen diameter of the fibers. The species show between them, a common model of radial variation to the length and thickness of the fibers while the lumen diameter and width of the fibers have no common models between the species. For vessels the variation ranged from 29,2 to 155,6 μm for their diameter; 17,7 to 32,5% of occupied area and 2,6 to 165 vessels/mm². Density showed correlation with cell wall thickness of fibers, vessel diameter and percentage of area occupied by these. For the energy characteristics, the species show a variation of 74,0 to 83,7% for volatile materials content, 0,1 to 1,8% for ash content and 15,5 to 25,5% for fixed carbon content. Energy characteristics ash content, fixed carbon and volatiles are responsible for 70% of the data variance from principal component analysis data. Technological characterization of the wood were important tools for directing possible uses of the species and it can be considered as subsidies for future work and for sustainable forest management of timber forest resources, contributing to the diversification of exploited species and decrease the pressure on those who are at risk of extinction.
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FARIA, M. C. G. Potencial madeireiro de 22 espécies arbóreas do cerrado: caracterização anatômica, física e energética. 2016. 103 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Biodiversidade Vegetal) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2016.