Variabilidade genética e endogamia em um plantel comercial de codornas (Coturnix japonica)
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2013-03-15
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
This study aimed to estimate the genetic diversity and inbreeding, perform genetic
relationships analysis, and estimate heritability for morphometric variables in
quails using microsatellite markers. We used the following morphometric
measurements: weight (PO), length (CO), and width (LO) of eggs, weight (P), body length (CC), length (CB), height (AB), and width (LB) of beak, wing length
(CA), tarsus length (CT), and toe length (CD). We verified the genetic association
for the morphometric variables in the progenies. Also, we checked whether
features P, CC, CB, AB, LB, CA, CT, and CD were related to the amount of
offspring (QF) from adults in quail families from a commercial flock. We used
seven cages containing six females and two males each, which resulted in a
progeny of 672 individuals. The genotypes of the individuals were obtained in an
automated DNA sequencer. Genotypes were used for genetic diversity, inbreeding,
and genetic link analyzes of two generations, and to perform analyzes of variance
components, descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, heritability, t-test, and Utest
of Mann-Whitney. In the parental generation we found high probability of
combined paternity exclusion (PE = 0.999956), low probability of combined
identity (PI = 1.47 x 10-13), and that null alleles frequency was near zero. The
values of expected (He) and observed (Ho) heterozygosity, and polymorphism
information content (PIC) were equal to 0.768, 0.766 and 0.734, respectively,
indicating a high genetic diversity. When we assessed only the progenies, the
genetic diversity was maintained (He = 0.760, Ho = 0.757 and PIC = 0.725). The
inbreeding coefficient (f) was low and not significant. The genetic link analysis was
efficient to assign paternity and maternity for 97% of the progeny. The weight of
the offspring at birth and the variables analyzed in eggs are highly correlated.
There is also a significant correlation between most measures analyzed. Estimates
of heritability values were considered moderate to high. The average number of
offspring was 15.93 per female, and 44.6 for males. Females were, on average,
heavier than males. The QF was only correlated with the CC in females. We found
significant difference between the weight of heavier males when compared to
lighter males, but the comparison between QF and weight category was not
significant. These results indicated that the 12 microsatellite markers used in the
study were robust for the genetic relationships and genetic variability analysis in
this species. We also found that the egg’s variables and progeny’s weight were
highly correlated, and heritability estimates ranged from moderate to high in the
variables analyzed. Females were heavier than males, QF was correlated only with
CC in females, and there was no significant difference between heavier males and
lighter males. All these information may be useful in future breeding programs for
Coturnix japonica.
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Citação
RESENDE, L. V. Variabilidade genética e endogamia em um plantel comercial de codornas (Coturnix japonica). 2013. 84 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciência Animal) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2016.