Biogeografia neutra e a evolução de redes complexas de interações bióticas
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2016-02-24
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
A contemporary goal in ecology is to determine the ecological and evolutionary processes that
generates the recurring structural patterns in mutualistic networks. One of the greatest challenges is
testing the capacity of neutral processes to replicate observed patterns in ecological networks, since
original formulation of neutral theory lacks trophic interactions. Here, we developed a stochastic
simulation neutral model adding trophic interactions to the neutral theory of biodiversity. We show
that our model is able to reproduce accurately the evolutionary conservatism of interacting species,
as well as the most common structural patterns observed in nature. Moreover, we found that
evolutionary conservatism of interacting species increases with lowmigration rate.Low migration
rates promote both spatial and temporal autocorrelation of phylogenetic related species, which
have a higher chance of interacting randomly with the same set of partners. Random migration , in
addition to speciation and probability of interaction, are also partially responsible for connectance,
degree distribution, and nested structure of mutualistic networks. These findings have broad
implications to the interpretation of niche-based processes as unique drives of ecological networks,
as well as the integration of network structures with demographic stochasticity.
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COELHO, M. T. P. Biogeografia neutra e a evolução de redes complexas de interações bióticas. 2016. 82 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ecologia e Evolução) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2016.