Desenvolvimento de técnicas de pré-processamento de radiografias digitais de tórax infantil : uma abordagem orientada a segmentação para sistemas de diagnóstico assistido por computador
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2017-03-27
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than 900,000 children, younger
than five years old, have died in 2015 due to pneumonia. Many of these deaths could
be avoided with earlier and more accurate diagnosis to provide proper medicine administration.
Chest radiography is one of the most recommended test by the WHO in order
to detect childhood pneumonia, and it is commonly used in computer aided diagnostic
(CAD) systems. A science role is to develop systems that require a more precise medical
diagnosis and treatment cost reducing, but mainly death rate decreasing. It is highlighted
that quality radiography demands equipments very well installed and calibrated and staff
trained to handle them. However, due limited budget resources, mainly in most vulnerable
areas, the image quality is significantly damaged, so turning the medical diagnosis harder.
Therefore, this work presents a method composed of a set of preprocessing techniques
for pediatric radiography. These techniques intend to have simple implementation and
low computational cost. The main goal of this work is to increase performance, accuracy
and robustness of CAD systems, to improve database standardization and also to collaborate
with the professionals training. Thus, techniques were developed, such as, visual
quality enhancement, removal of unnecessary or confidential information, reconstruction
of degraded areas due to the information removal, orientation correction and definition
of a region of interest. All techniques were evaluated using a children chest X-ray database
divided into three classes and results show significantly improve when compared to
methods presented in literature. We expect these contributions will assist to development
and improvement of new systems, construction of more standardized databases, staff training
and the development of new techniques.
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FONSECA, A. U. Desenvolvimento de técnicas de pré-processamento de radiografias digitais de tórax infantil : uma abordagem orientada a segmentação para sistemas de diagnóstico assistido por computador. 2017. 124 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência da Computação) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2017.