Práticas e crenças maternas relacionadas à alimentação complementar de crianças no primeiro ano de vida
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2009-05-18
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
The appropriate nutrition plays a fundamental role in child development. Breast
milk is the ideal food for the newborn, and exclusive breastfeeding is
encouraged until the sixth month. From that age on, the introduction of other
foods to attend nutritional needs which are no longer supplied by breast milk is
encouraged. The introduction of complementary feeding involves biological,
social, economical and cultural aspects. This study aimed to analyze the
practices and beliefs related to complementary feeding of children in their first
year of life from a group of mothers living in the Northwestern Region of Goiânia,
Goiás, Brasil, who gave birth at Nascer Cidadão Maternity Hospital. lt is a
qualitative research, based on Social Psychology, seeking to understand how
personal beliefs influence the maternal behavior related to the complementary
feeding. The data were collected by means of individual sernistructured
interviews with fifteen mothers, after free and clarified consent. Data analysis
comprised two-stage. lnitially, the interviews were transcribed and then analyzed
using the content analysis technique (BARDIN, 2008), and after the
establishment of the thematic categorias proceeds to discuss the beliefs,
according to the Rokeach Model (1981). Four thematic categories were
identified: "The complementary feeding", "Child's sensibility", "Quotidian's
contingencies" and "Sources of references". The mothers' testimonies showed
that the process of introducing complementary feeding is built from a web of
information confronted with the beliefs of every one of those mothers. lt is a
period when the mother sees herself under great responsibility. ln this process,
there are severa! situations which demand decision-making based upon their
beliefs. The observed reality, in the present work, evidences the necessity of a
closer maternal accompaniment in the complementary feeding introduction
stage, to value the positive aspects and try to discuss the practices that must be
revised. The identified belief system structure reveals that maternal beliefs play
a crucial role in the choices and practices that guide the introduction of the
complementary feeding. The information is provided by different sources and
each one of them contributes in the construction of maternal beliefs references.
Acknowledging the belief system is an alternative for the heatth professionals to
approach this group and act effectively in health care promotion.
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CORREIA, M. H. S. Práticas e crenças maternas relacionadas à alimentação complementar de crianças no primeiro ano de vida. 2009. 211 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências da Saúde) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2009.