Infecção latente por tuberculose: uma análise dos componentes e indicadores epidemiológicos do tratamento preventivo da tuberculose em Goiás
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2016-12-20
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Tuberculosis is still a major global health problem. One of the strategies recommended for the
control of tuberculosis is the identification and early treatment of individuals with latent M.
tuberculosis infection (ILTB). In Brazil, ILTB is not part of the compulsory notification
aggravations, but there is a recommendation for States to create instruments for notification
and follow-up of cases. In Goiás, a notification form for ILTB was developed in 2012 by the
State Department of Health. The objective of the research is to analyze the epidemiological
profile of ILTB cases and to characterize the surveillance processes related to the diagnosis
and treatment of this disease in this state. The reports of ILTB cases treated between 2013
and 2015 were analyzed. A database linking was carried out considering the cases of
tuberculosis reported in the SINAN NET Notification System and the ILTB records. To evaluate
the technical and structure aspects of ILTB control services, a structured questionnaire was
applied to the supervisors of health surveillance in the 18 health regions of the State. A
descriptive and exploratory data analysis was carried out using software SPSS 13.0 and
TABWIN 1.6 EPI INFO. 345 cases of ILTB were reported in the study period. The patients'
ages ranged from 0 to 92 years (median age 38 years); 65.2% were adults and 10.1% were
up to 10 years. Five municipalities (Goiânia, Aparecida de Goiânia, Jataí, Anápolis and
Formosa) reported 77.7% of the cases. In 24.6% of the cases, the criterion for treatment of
ILTB was the result of Tuberculin Test (TT)> 10mm. In this group all cases were
asymptomatic and 78.8% had contact with active tuberculosis. It was identified that 39 cases
were HIV positive, corresponding to 12.7% of indications for ILTB treatment. According to
health surveillance supervisors, all 246 municipalities had a Tuberculosis Control Program.
Concerning the specific training on ILTB, 74 municipalities (30.1%) received this training,
reaching 141 health professionals. In relation to the specific training for the application of TT,
only three (16.7%) health regions were trained, of which two managed to decentralize this
training to some of their jurisdictions. Eleven regional health (61.1%) reported that the
number of TT provided by the State Department of Health was inadequate to meet the
demands of municipalities. According to supervisors, 88.2% of the municipalities in Goiás do
not have the tools to monitor cases of co-infection with HIV. The present study contributed to
the knowledge of the epidemiological profile of the reported cases of ILTB, as well as to the
process of control of this aggravation in the State. Failures were identified in the ILTB control
process in the different regions of the State of Goiás. This study is expected to support
effective actions to control tuberculosis in the State.
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Citação
GOMES, D. B. Infecção latente por tuberculose: uma análise dos componentes e indicadores epidemiológicos do tratamento preventivo da tuberculose em Goiás. 2016. 179 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Saúde Coletiva) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2016.