Importância de processos determinísticos e estocásticos sobre padrões de diversidade taxonômica, funcional e filogenética de mariposas Arctiinae
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2017-03-27
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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Arctiinae is one of the most diverse and cosmopolitan subfamilies of Lepidoptera, and is
composed of four tribes: Lithosiini, Amerilini, Syntomini and Arctiini. In the Neotropics
occur Arctiini and Lithosiini only. Moths of these two tribes are very different in body size,
coloration patterns, diet, in the type of secondary compounds they sequester, and in habitat
use. The morphological, physiological, and behavioral characteristics of these moths are very
important in influencing their distribution in the environment. The distribution of species can
also be highly influenced by deterministics (based in the niche models, like as ecological
interactions and environmental filtering) and stochastic processes (i.e.: ecological drift,
dispersion limitations, random speciation and extinction). To answer which processes best
determine the distribution of Arctiinae moths, this Thesis was composed by three chapters. In
the first chapter I tested which model of metacommunity (related to environmental and spatial
variables) best determine the distribution of groups of species: common, rare, habitat
specialist, habitat generalist and species belonging to tribes Arctiini and Lithosiini. In the
second chapter, I tested if the functional structure of Arctiini and of Lithosiini and if the
phylogenetic structure of Arctiini are influenced in the same way by stochastic and
deterministic processes. Arctiinae moths (both tribes) were influenced by environmental (also
related to deterministic processes) and spatial (also related to stochastic processes) variables,
but the environment was more important to the majority of the groups of taxonomic diversity
(chapter 1) and to the functional and phylogenetic diversities (chapter 2). As the deterministic
processes are very important to determine the distribution of Arctiinae on communities, in the
third chapter I tested which deterministic process (specifically, antagonic interactions or
environmental filtering) is more important in determine the functional structure of these
moths along different physiognomies and in two marked weather seasons, characteristics of
the study area. The results showed that Arctiinae moths are strongly influenced by
environmental filters, and that antagonistic interactions (i.e. competition) are not so important
in determine the functional structure of Arctiinae moths on communities.
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SANTOS, C. M. Importância de processos determinísticos e estocásticos sobre padrões de diversidade taxonômica, funcional e filogenética de mariposas Arctiinae. 2017. 107 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ecologia e Evolução) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2017.