Biofertilizante à base de vinhaça para adubação de espécies nativas em solo de cerrado
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2016-02-22
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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Depending on the problems generated in relation to the disposal of vinasse (residue
from alcohol production), one of the most efficient disposal is the addition from this residue to the
soil as a manure source, providing nutrients to cultures. Another alternative is the anaerobic bio
digestion, performed for energy production through biogas generated in bio digestion; this process
originate another residue (concentrated of bio digested vinasse) that could have the potential for
organic manure use. Knowing the lack of information about nutritional requirements from native
forest species, this study had as objective to evaluate a new fertilization technique for Cerrado
native species (seedling stage), through an organic bio fertilizer produced with in nature and bio
digested vinasse. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse from UFG. Dystrophic oxisol
was used in a completely randomized design, being four bio fertilizer doses (0, 0,5, 1, 2 and 3
times the recommended dose of de 300 m3 ha-1) and a treatment only with vinasse. Bio fertilization
constituted on a mixture of biodigested vinasse + in nature vinasse in different concentrations.
Cerrado native species where chosen based on ecological succession, being: Anadenanthera
colubrina, Dipteryx alata and Handroanthus heptaphylum, planted in vases (7 kg of soil). Every 7
days, height, stem diameter and leaf numbers were measured. At the end of the experiment,
chlorophyll content was measured and leaf area index was determined for Anadenanthera
colubrine and Dipteryx alata. All seedlings were withdrawn from the vessels, oven dried, weighed
to determine the above and below ground biomass and the leaves were milled for nutritional
determination. Soil analysis from each treatment in each specie was done, for macro and
micronutrients determination. For Anadenanthera colubrina, there was a positive response for bio
fertilizer in the development of the specie; however bio fertilizer doses did not influence the
nutrients content, because of the rusticity. For Dipteryx alata , there was a significant response,
however for higher doses from bio fertilizer, the specie showed better development and biomass
production according to an increase in residue amount; showing also a higher amount of nutrients,
like P, K and Cu. Handroanthus heptaphylum showed negative response to bio fertilizer
application, where the dose was increased, worst was the development and biomass production
presented, as well as for nutrients content, that showed a decrease in many elements, such as N,
Ca, Mg. For the species used in the study, “in nature” vinasse results were similar to the lowest
doses from bio fertilizer. For soil variables, in generally, bio fertilizer showed efficiency in macro
and micronutrients availability, varying according to the specie. Reduced values of acidity and pH
increase occurred in the soil in all species, besides a significant increase in potassium (K) contents,
the most abundant nutrient in the residue used in this study.
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GONÇALVES, R. A. Biofertilizante à base de vinhaça para adubação de espécies nativas em solo de cerrado. 2016. 77 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2016.