Controle da pressão arterial e doença renal crônica
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2017-07-03
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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Objective: Identify the association of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and Blood Pressure (BP) control in hypertensive patients. Methods: Longitudinal descriptive and retrospective study conducted at the Federal University of Goias Clinics Hospital Hypertension League. Inclusion criteria: hypertensive patients older than 18 years, both males and females with at least one year of follow-up. Exclusion: secondary hypertension, diabetes, pregnant women, hematuria, proteinuria > 1g/24h or > 2+ (100-300mg/dL) and cilindruria. The study was approved by the Ethics Research Committee of the Clinics Hospital at Federal University of Goias. Medical charts review collected data on clinical history, sociodemographic, BP, serum creatinine from the first and last visit (2015) to the service. After the initial data collection two groups were determined: controlled hypertensives (BP<140/90mmHg) and uncontrolled hypertensives (BP≥140/90 mmHg). Variables: age, sex, Overweight/obesity, race (white, black), physical activity (regular, irregular and absent), smoking (smoker, nonsmoker and former smoker), BP, former personal and family history of cardiovascular and renal disease, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to analyze the distribution of normality of the continuous variables; for the comparison of means the Student's T-test for related samples or Mann-Whitney U was applied. The Pearson chi-square test or Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze association between categorical variables. For all tests the significance level of 5% and 95% confidence interval were considered. Results: 164 patients participated in the study, 45 in the controlled hypertensive group and 119 in the uncontrolled group. The mean patients age was 64.14 years, with predominance of women. There was no difference between races. Patients with overweight were the majority, with no changes over time. Former smokers and non-smokers were also the majority. Sedentary lifestyle was more evident in women. There was eGFR reduction in all patients, with no differences in relation to BP control. Data analysis considering the group with CKD and controlled BP x CKD and uncontrolled BP showed no statistically significant difference in relation to age, sex, race, BMI, blood pressure, physical activity and initial creatinine. Follow-up of patients with CKD and controlled BP was higher. Most patients were in early CKD stages. Conclusion: Hypertension time was more important to the establishment of CKD than BP control in the study. There is a high prevalence of patients in early CKD stages, seen by serum creatinine measurements. It is necessary to review blood pressure goals in order to obtain nephroprotection in patients at risk.
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SANTOS, Luciana da Ressurreição. Controle da pressão arterial e doença renal crônica. 2017. 68 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências da Saúde) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2017.