Câncer infantil no centro-oeste do Brasil: tendência de incidência, mortalidade e sobrevida
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2015-11-30
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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INTRODUCTION: Childhood cancer is a rare cancer that generates a large social impact. The estimate for the years 2014 and 2015 was 11,840 new cases per year in Brazil. The largest numbers occurring in the Southeast (5600) and Northeast (2,790), followed by the South (1350), Midwest (1280) and North (820). The global trend is for incidence increased, mortality reduction and survival increased. This is happening in the world due to earlier diagnosis, more access to treatment, introduction of chemotherapy protocols and investment in human resources in the pediatric oncology. There are few studies examining childhood cancer in Brazil. The main is to analyze the childhood cancer in western central Brazil. METHODOLOGY: Incidence data were obtained from the Population Based Cancer Registry of Goiânia and mortality data in the Mortality Information System (SIM). We calculated the crude and standardized rates of incidence and mortality, using Microsoft Excel 2007. The analysis of incidence and mortality trends were made with the joinpoint Regression Program software, v. 4.0.4. For the survival it was researching the vital status of each case on the SIM, oncosis, SUS card, TSE, and telephone consultations. Survival was analyzed according to gender, age, and five years after diagnosis. We used the Kaplan-Meier method with the log-rank and Breslow fixes for the presence of significant differences between the survival curves. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. It was also made the Cox regression to assess the hazard ratio of death and Choinfield test to test parallelism between turns. Data were analyzed using STATA software. The absence of incidence data in the capitals of the Midwest for a period of over 15 years has limited trend analysis of mortaliade data for the capital Cuiabá, Campo Grande and Brasilia, and you can only description of the mortality trend for childhood cancer in the Midwest Region of Brazil, in the period of 16 years. In the city of Goiânia was possible to do trend analysis of incidence and mortality and survival analysis to five years in children and adolescents diagnosed with cancer at age 0-19 years from 1996 to 2011. RESULTS: Mortality in western central Brazil for childhood cancer showed a stable trend in both sexes. In Goiania, the incidence trend was also stable. Longer survival is an increase, but is still small when compared to developed countries. CONCLUSION: The mortality trends for childhood cancer in the western center of the capital showed a stability and incidence in Goiania capital too, which comes from mismatch with the data from developed countries.
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REZENDE, F. R. Câncer infantil no centro-oeste do Brasil: tendência de incidência, mortalidade e sobrevida. 2015. 75 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências da Saúde) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2015.