Completude e atraso da vacinação contra poliomielite antes e após a substituição da vacina oral pela injetável
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2018-05-23
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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INTRODUCTION: The oral polio vaccine (OPV) can cause a vaccine-derived poliovirus, which is a deterrent to the complete eradication of the disease. Globally, there is a gradual replacement of OPV by the poliomyelitis vaccine (VIP). Brazil has adopted an IPV-OPV mixed schedule since 2012, but no study was conducted to evaluate and compare the completeness and delay of vaccinations before and after the replacement of the oral vaccination with the inactivated poliovirus vaccination. OBJECTIVES: To compare the completion and delay of vaccination of children under 12 months of age before and after the introduction of the VIP vaccine in routine vaccination. METHODOLOGY: Before-and-after study with two live birth cohorts in the city of Goiânia, Goiás. A cohort of live births in 2010 received the vaccine regimen exclusively with OPV, and another cohort of live births in 2014 received the mixed vaccine regimen IPV-OPV. Two sources of nominal secondary data were used: the Ambulatory Care Control System, which contains data on vaccines and the Live Birth Information System, which contains data on the child and the mother. Completeness of vaccination schedule was defined as the receipt of three valid doses from the primary series up to 12 months of age. Vaccination delay was defined as the dose of vaccine given >28 days after the recommended age. The SICAA and SINASC databases were linked by deterministic linkage to identify the records of the same child. The follow-up time for each child was 12 months. RESULTS: A total of 23,335 children were included, 9,563 of the cohort born in 2010 and 13,772 of the cohort born in 2014. The proportion of children who received the IPV-OPV mixed regimen presented 78.0% of vaccine completeness, while the proportion of children who received only OPV schedule presented 72.4% of vaccine completeness (p=0.000). A higher proportion of vaccine delay of the 1st dose was observed: 6.9% and 5.8%, the second dose was 25.4% and 18.2%, and the third dose was 31.1% and 19.3% for the IPV-OPV and exclusively VOP vaccination schemes, respectively. Children who received the IPV-OPV mixed schedule had a highest median age at all doses, more days of delay and longer intervals between doses, when compared to children who received the OPV schedule. CONCLUSION: Children who received the VIP-VOP mixed schedule presented higher vaccine delay, but a greater proportion of vaccine completeness when compared to the children who received only OPV schedule. Efforts to achieve at-risk groups with delays are still needed despite improvements in the completeness of polio vaccines.
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OLIVEIRA, T. G. Completude e atraso da vacinação contra poliomielite antes e após a substituição da vacina oral pela injetável. 2018. 104 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Enfermagem) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2018.