É possível definir arte? - As abordagens de Weitz e Danto ao projeto definitório
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2019-05-16
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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This thesis aims to address the problem of the possibility of a real definition for the
concept "art". We approach such problem from two opposite perspectives, namely those of
Morris Weitz and Arthur Danto. First, we show the assumptions that base the interest in the
question of the real definition of "art" in the twentieth century, trying to give a general
characterization of this type of definition. Next, we present Weitz's antidefinitionalism,
showing that this author advocates the impossibility of defining "art" based on the idea that
such concept does not have necessary and sufficient conditions of application, but is a concept
determined by family resemblances, by intransitive relations that we establish between
certain entities that fall under the concept in question and the object we are classifying. We
also present the main criticisms that have been addressed to Weitz’s theses, analyzing
whether they are grounded on a proper interpretation of his writings. Then, we indicate the
similarities and differences between his thought and the one of Ludwig Wittgenstein in the
Philosophical Investigations. Moreover, we turn to the analysis of Danto's definitional theses,
indicating that the author's criticism of the Wittgensteinian perspectives departs from a
misreading of such perspectives as grounded on recognitional skills of artworks. In addition,
we elucidate the assumptions from which Danto advocates for “art” being an essentialist
concept and indicate which role he attributes to his own definition, establishing relations to his
philosophy of art history. Finally, we explore the conditions drawn by the author as the real
definition of “art”, showing if it is successful at providing us with the necessary and sufficient
conditions of the concept. At the end, this work suggests that certain theses sustained by
Danto tend to approach him, maybe unwittingly, to the antidefinitional perspective he rejects.
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SILVA, Fernanda A. É possível definir arte? - As abordagens de Weitz e Danto ao projeto definitório. 2019. 135 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Filosofia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2019.