Caracterização farmacológica e avaliação da atividade gastroprotetora do extrato etanólico das folhas de Celtis iguanaea (JACQ.) Sargent (Ulmaceae) - Esporão-de-galo
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2011-06-30
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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Celtis iguanaea (Jacq.) Sargent is a small postage plant, it has very flexible branches,
armed with spines. The tea obtained through it leaves is popularly used for body pain,
rheumatism, chest pain, asthma, cramps, poor digestion and as diuretic. In this study, we
evaluated the leaves of Celtis iguanaea, which were collected in Hidrolândia-GO, dried in an
ethanolic extract of esporão-de-galo (EEEG). The EEEG was dissolved in water and
fractionated by successive liquid-liquid partition with hexane (FH), dichloromethane (FD),
ethyl acetate (FAcE) and the aqueous phase (EA). The animals used were Swiss Mice (male,
adults, weighing 35–40 mg/kg). After the pharmacological screening, the animals were
subjected to analysis of treatment effects with EEEG (100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg p.o.) on the
central nervous system (CNS) through the open-field test, “rota-rod” test, and sleep induction
by pentobarbital. To evaluate the effects on the gastrointestinal tract, the animals were orally
pre-treated with ethanolic extract of esporão-de-galo (EEEG 100, 300 and 1000 mg/kg),
vehicle (10 mL/kg) or ranitidine (50 mg/kg) before induction of gastric lesions by
indomethacin (30 mg/kg - s. c.), ethanol 75 % (v/v), and stress by contention and
hypothermia, and treated intraduodenally in the model of gastric lesions induced by pyloric
ligation. The effects of the extract on the volume, pH and total acidity of gastric secretion
were evaluated by pyloric ligation method. We also tested if the EEEG and fractions affected
the intestinal transit and gastric emptying by the methods of activated charcoal and phenol-red
respectively. The hexane fraction (FH 180 mg/kg), dichloromethane fraction (FD 9 mg/kg),
ethyl acetate fraction (FAcE 16 mg/kg) and aqueous fraction (FA 360 mg/kg), administered orally, were tested in model of induction of lesions by indomethacin (30 mg/kg s.c.), to
elucidate the active fractions of the extract. After determining the active fraction, it was tested
in different doses to establish the dose-dependent relationship. A possible action on the
intestinal transit was also evaluated. In the evaluation of the EEEG on CNS, we didn’t found
any evidence of activity on this system. In models of lesion induction by different ulcerogenic
agents (indomethacin, ethanol, stress and pyloric ligation) using EEEG at doses of 100, 300
and 1000 mg/kg, was observed a significant reduction in both the number of ulcers and in the
lesions rate caused by these agents. By intraduodenal administration in the model of pyloric
ligation, we evaluated volume, free acidity and total acidity, and the animals treated with the
EEEG had a reduction in volume, free acidity and total acidity. Only the hexane fraction (FH)
showed gastroprotective activity, being effective reducing the number of ulcers and the
lesions rate. When we evaluated the parameters of gastric secretion with this fraction (FH),
we observed a decrease in volume, increase in pH and decrease in total acidity. Both EEEG
and its hexane fraction didn’t alter intestinal motility or gastric emptying. The results of this
study suggest that the EEEG has a gastroprotective activity, and this activity involves the
active ingredients of the plant with systemic activity, which may justify the popular use of
Celtis iguanaea for the treatment of gastritis and gastric ulcers.
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SOUSA, Fábio Borges de. Caracterização farmacológica e avaliação da atividade gastroprotetora do extrato etanólico das folhas de Celtis iguanaea (JACQ.) Sargent (Ulmaceae) - Esporão-de-galo. 2011. 79 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2011.