Inquérito soroepidemiológico e estado vacinal para hepatite B em agentes de segurança prisional de cinco unidades prisionais de Goiás
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2019-07-09
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Hepatitis B virus infection (HBV), although for decades being immunopreventable, remains a
challenge for health surveillance, especially when it comes to some professional categories. Data
focusing this problematic among the workers of Brazil’s prison system are non-existent, being this
dissertation the first study of the kind to be held in the country, and whose aim is to investigate the
epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection and the vaccine situation concerning Prison Security
Agents (PSA) of five prison facilities in the state of Goiás. Therefore, 282 individuals were
interviewed in order to understand their sociodemographic characteristics, labor aspects,
vaccination against hepatitis B and factors associated to the HBV. Subsequently, clinical
specimens were collected for the HBsAg, antiHBc and anti-HBs in order to be detected by the
immunoenzymatic assay (ELISA). The data were analyzed by the STATA program, 14.0 version.
Prevalence rates were calculated with a confidence interval of 95% (CI 95%), as well as the
Adjusted Prevalence Ratio (AdjPR) of the individuals exposed to the HBV (anti-HBc positive)
associated to the investigated factors. As for the logistic regression, multiple Poisson regression
models with robust variance were used. It was detected that 3.9% (95% CI: 2.2-6.9) of the
individuals had anti-HBc in isolation; 3.6% (95% CI: 2.0-6.5) presented it while associated to anti-
HBs, resulting in a global prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection of 7.5% (95% CI: 5.0-11.2).
Nevertheless, it was verified a high rate (50,6%, CI 95%: 44,7 -56,4) of workers who were
susceptible to the HBV. The multiple regression model showed that factors such as being female
(AdjPR: 3,10, 95% CI: 1.04-6.28), working in temporary prison facilities (AdjPR: 7.38, 95% CI:
2.26- 24,03), experiences with acupuncture (AdjPR: 2.20, 95% CI: 1.05-4.62) and sexual violence
(AdjPR: 11.42, 95% CI: 3.64-35.86) were associated with HBV exposure. On the other side, age,
number of sexual partners and previous testing for hepatitis B were associated with previous
vaccination against HBV. Finally, little compliance of the vaccination report with positivity to the
isolated anti-HBs was verified. These results are worth noting considering they have the potential
to provide information on the gaps of planning programmatic measures to reduce the vulnerability
of these individuals to hepatitis B virus infection.
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VIEIRA, C. C. F. Inquérito soroepidemiológico e estado vacinal para hepatite B em agentes de segurança prisional de cinco unidades prisionais de Goiás. 2019. 129 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Enfermagem) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2019.