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Adição de emulsificante nas rações de frangos de corte com redução dos níveis de energia metabolizável
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-07-13) Oliveira, Marcus Vinícius Garcia de; Leandro, Nadja Susana Mogyca; Café, Marcos Barcellos; Santos, Raphael Rodrigues dos; Jacob, David Vanni; Pires, Marília Ferreira
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of including soy lecithin emulsifier (SL) in broiler diets on the reduction of metabolizable energy levels and to correlate it with nutrient metabolizability coefficients and the determination of apparent metabolizable energy (AME). Two metabolic trials were conducted in a completely randomized design, with a 3x2 factorial arrangement (feed with three levels of metabolizable energy, with or without the inclusion of an emulsifier in the diet), totaling six treatments. In the starter phase, chicks received feed with 2,950; 3,050; and 3,150 kcal/kg of metabolizable energy, with six replications of 10 birds each, totaling 360 birds. In the grower phase, 210 birds were used, with seven replications of five chicks, and the energy levels tested were 3,100; 3,150; and 3,200 kcal/kg of feed. In the starter phase, an interaction effect was observed, showing an increase in the nitrogen metabolizability coefficient (NMC) when adding the emulsifier to diets with reduced energy, as well as an effect of the emulsifier in increasing the AME corrected by the balance of nitrogen (AMEn). In the grower phase, an interaction effect was observed, showing an increase in AME and AMEn when adding the emulsifier to diets with lower energy levels. To sum up, emulsifier inclusion in broiler diets can reduce metabolizable energy while improving AMEn in both initial and grower phases, along with AME in growing broilers.
Valores energéticos e coeficientes de metabolizabilidade de grãos de milho com diferentes densidades específicas
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-04-25) Batista, Lucas Ferreira; Viana, Eduardo de Faria; Arnhold, Emmanuel; Café, Marcos Barcellos; Leite, Carla Daniela Suguimoto; Stringhini, José Henrique
The aim of this study was to examine the influence of the specific gravity of maize kernels on physicochemical traits, energy values, and metabolizability coefficients. Pearson’s correlations were evaluated between specific gravity (kg/m³) and crude protein (%); ether extract (%); crude fiber (%); gross energy (%); presence of fumonisins (ppb) and aflatoxins (ppb); and kernel quality (good, rotten, weevil-damaged, broken, and shriveled kernels, %). A metabolism trial was conducted with diets containing maize fractions of different specific gravities for male broilers from 14 to 21 days of age. Apparent metabolizable energy (AME), nitrogen-corrected AME (AMEn), and the metabolizability coefficients of dry matter (MCDM), crude protein (MCCP), ether extract (MCEE), calcium (MCCa), and phosphorus (MCP ) were evaluated. The experiment consisted of five treatments (reference diet and diets with 40% replaced with maize at five specific gravities (740, 740, 760, or 800 kg/m³). Eight replications were used, totaling 400 broilers chickens. The Scott-Knott test was applied and regression equations were fitted to compare the treatments. Specific gravity had moderate correlations with good and broken kernels and low-magnitude correlations with chemical parameters. Increasing specific gravities caused AME and AMEn to increase linearly when analyzed on an as-is basis; and to respond quadratically when expressed on a dry-matter basis. The specific gravity of 780 kg/m³ provided the lowest MCDM, MCCP, MCCa, and MCP values, whereas the lowest MCEE, was found at the lowest density. It was not possible to determine the best nutritional composition or the best metabolizability coefficients.
Degradação ruminal e cinética de fermentação do capim mulato II (Convert HD364) sob diferentes fontes de adubação nitrogenada
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-10-02) Jacovetti, Reginaldo; França, Aldi Fernandes de Souza; Basto, Debora de Carvalho; Brunes, Ludmilla Costa; Oliveira, Leonardo Guimarães; Ribeiro, Renata Vaz; Silva, Mirella Paula Costa e; Arnhold, Emmanuel; Ferreira, Reginaldo Nassar
It is important to evaluate nutritional value of new grass species, which can be better characterized through rumen fermentation and degradation techniques. The aim was to evaluate the effects of Nitrogen (N) fertilization on the kinetics of fermentation and ruminal degradation of the Mulato II grass. Two distinct sources of N (common and protected urea) were used during two periods of the year (summer - I and autumn - II). A completely randomized experimental design was used, in a 2x4 factorial arrangement with three replicates. Fraction A changed based on N dosage. The passage rate (K) and effective degradability (ED) were influenced by sources and doses of N, while Fraction B and Lag Time were not influenced during period I. Fractions A and B and EDs were all influenced by N sources and doses during period II. Lag time and potential degradability were influenced by N sources only. Among the kinetics parameters of dry matter ruminal fermentation obtained during period I, only K1 was influenced by the interaction between N doses x sources, while the remaining parameters were only influenced by the N doses applied. As for period II, with the exception of K2, all remaining parameters were influenced by the interaction of N doses and sources. Protected urea improved fermentation parameters during period I. The dose equivalent to applying 150kg/ha positively influenced ruminal fermentation parameters of the Mulato II grass mainly in the summer. The use of protected urea as a Nitrogen source improved fermentation parameters in the summer.
Avaliação do esmalte dentário de cão por microscopia eletrônica de varredura após diferentes tipos de polimento
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-05-19) Correia, Nelcimara Mirley de Souza; Barros, Vitor Eduardo Arantes de; Arnhold, Emmanuel; Fioravanti, Maria Clorinda Soares; Carneiro, Raquel Cunha; Guimarães, Patrícia Lorena da Silva Neves
Polishing is an important procedure which takes part in the periodontal disease treatment, being commonly performed with the help of prophylactic paste and provides smoothing of the tooth surface, hindering the adhesion of new plaque. With this study we aimed to evaluate by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the effects of dental polishing observing, qualitatively, the effectiveness and the damage, in three distinct treatments after calculus removal. Twenty (20) teeth were used (four of each dog), from which were obtained three samples each. The sixty samples were distributed into three groups (G0= tooth segmentation submitted to prophylaxis without polishing; G1= vestibular surface prophylaxis followed by polishing with the use of Defengy OC® and G2= vestibular surface prophylaxis followed by polishing with the use of pumice and fluorine gel). The samples were prepared and sent to images execution via SEM. These images, with enlargement of 100x and 500x, were evaluated and the classification averages were obtained. The statistical analysis of these averages was made through the Friedman nonparametric test using the software R. Statistical differences were observed (P<0,05) between groups 0 and 1 in the 100x magnification, whereas in the 500x magnification there was no difference (P>0,05) between the groups. The evaluation based on SEM images at two magnifications was essential, as it allowed the visualization of grooves and remaining calculi in a comprehensive way at 100x magnification and in more detail at 500x.
Antibacterianos e condutas adotadas por produtores de leite em Goiás, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-02-27) Silva, Damila Batista Caetano; Santos, Dyana Ribeiro dos; Freitas, Sabrina Lucas Ribeiro de; Noronha Filho, Antônio Dionísio Feitosa; Borges, Naida Cristina; Queiroz, Paulo José Bastos; Silva, Luiz Antônio Franco da
Milk and its derivatives are rich in nutrients and widely consumed by the population. However, the presence of chemical residues is frequent in these products. This study aimed to carry out a diagnosis of the use of antibacterials and evaluate the knowledge about these drugs and behaviors adopted by dairy producers in Goiás, Brazil. Atotal of 286 dairy farms in 36 municipalities in the State were visited and interviews were conducted with the owner or auxiliary workforce. The questions addressed the production parameters of the property and the use of antibacterials. The answers were presented in percentages and graphs. Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson’s chi-square test at a 5% significance level. Only 26.2% of the producers used antibacterials indicated by veterinarians and all producers (100%) disposed of milk with residues inappropriately. Tetracycline and penicillin were the most used among the 21 cited active principles. Enteritis (22.1%), cattle tick fever (21.1%), and mastitis (19.4%) were the main diseases treated with antibacterials. A total of 37.4% of respondents were unable to distinguish antibacterials from other drugs. Moreover, the more specialized the farm, the greater the veterinary assistance and the greater the care for antibacterial treatments. Most respondents (51.7%) had incomplete elementary education. These results provide important information about how rural producers in the State of Goiás use antibacterials and serve as a basis for future interventions. The need for greater access by producers to veterinary services in Goiás is evident to reduce the unnecessary and inappropriate use of antibacterials.
Temperatura ambiente e idade do frango de corte sobre o valor energético do milho
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-05-05) Carvalho, Fabyola Barros de; Sartori, José Roberto; Pezzato, Antonio Celso; Fascina, Vitor Barbosa; Castelo, Pedro Gibim; Souza, Ivan Mailinch Gonçalves Pereira de
This study aimed to assess the effects of environmental temperature and age of broilers on the energy value of corn. A total of 288 Cobb 500 chicks were distributed in a complete randomized design with a split-plot arrangement and six replications of six chicks each. The main plot consisted of threetemperatures (cold: 18 °C; thermoneutral: 25 °C; and hot: 33 °C), while the secondary plot consisted of age (initial: 11 to 14 days; growing: 25 to 28 days; and final: 39 to 42 days). The basal diet was based on corn and soybean meal. The test diet was produced by replacing the basal diet for test food: 40% corn + 60% basal diet. The mean values of AMEn observed for broiler chicks under cold, thermoneutral, and hot temperatures were 3322, 3279, and 3233 kcal/kg of natural matter, respectively, and 3215, 3218, and 3400 kcal/ kg of natural matter for the initial, growing, and final phases, respectively. Overall, the metabolizable energy values of corn and the balance and coefficients of metabolizability of nutrients in the test diet increased with the broiler age, but the true metabolizable energies of corn were not affected by environmental temperature. The balance and coefficients of metabolizability of nutrients in the test diet decreased due to heat exposure during the growing and final phases.
Identificação e resistência a antimicrobianos de Salmonella enterica isoladas de aves vivas em revendas comerciais
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-10-26) Reis, Silvania Andrade; Calaça, Karine Louise; Nascente, Eduardo de Paula; Damasceno, Adilson Donizeti; Jayme, Valéria de Sá; Andrade, Maria Auxiliadora
The objective of this study was to investigate the sanitary and management characteristics of live-bird resellers as well asidentify and undertake an antigenic characterization of Salmonella enterica and its sensitivity to antimicrobials. Structured questionnaires were applied and 627 samples were collected from the cages, consisting 209 samples of excreta, 209 of feed and 209 drinker swabs. These were processed by conventional bacteriology. The obtained isolates were subjected to the susceptibility test and to 12 antimicrobial tests by the disk diffusion method. Of the studied resellers, 91.7% house Gallus gallus domesticus, together with other animal species; sell birds with little zoosanitary documentation; have unsatisfactory active surveillance; and use and sell antimicrobials indiscriminately. The presence of Salmonella enterica was detected in 1.4% (9/627) of the samples analyzed in the cages, with 1.9% (4/209) found in excreta, 0.95% (2/209) in feed and in 1.4% (3/209) in drinker swabs. These were characterized antigenically as Salmonella Heidelberg, Gallinarum, Risen, Ndolo, Saint Paul, Mbandaka and subsp enterica O:6,7. When susceptibility to antimicrobials was determined, 44.4% resistance (4/9) was detected for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 33.3% (3/9) for enrofloxacin, 22.2% (2/9) for ciprofloxacin, ceftiofur and amoxicillin and 11.1% (1/9) for tetracycline and fosfomycin. Salmonella Heidelberg, as well as serovars Gallinarum, Risen, Saint Paul and Mbandaka, showed resistance to at least one of the tested antimicrobials. Trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole and enrofloxacin were the antimicrobials that showed the least efficacy. Serovars such as Heidelberg, Gallinarum and Mbandaka have multiresistance to antimicrobials commonly used in human and veterinary medicine, implying potential risks to One Health.
Ocorrência de Escherichia coli em psitacídios cativos: suscetibilidade antimicrobiana e genes de virulência
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-09-18) Calaça, Karine Louise; Cervi, Renato Clini; Reis, Silvania Andrade; Nunes, Iolanda Aparecida; Jayme, Valéria de Sá; Andrade, Maria Auxiliadora
Captive Psittaciformes may harbor Gram-negative bacteria in their digestive tract, mainly due to poor hygienic conditions and confinement. The present study was carried out with the objective of isolating and identifyingEscherichia coli in samples collected from Psittaciformes cages in 50 commercial establishments in the metropolitan region of Goiania, with subsequent antimicrobial susceptibility testing and detection of virulence genes. A total of 141 samples of excreta and swab samples from feeders and water bowls were collected, totaling 423 samples. Escherichia coli was isolated from 9.7% (41/423) samples: 12% (17/141) in excreta, 8.5% (12/141) in feed, and 8.5% (12 /141) in waterers. To determine the susceptibility profile of E. coli isolates, resistance to ciprofloxacin 4.9% (2/41), gentamicin 17.0% (7/41), doxycycline 34.1% (14/41), florfenicol 34.1% (14/41), trimethoprim 39.0% (16/41), tetracycline 41.5% (17/41), enrofloxacin 43.9% (18/41), amoxicillin 48.8% (20/41), neomycin 61.0% (25/41), and sulfonamide 90.2% (37/41) was determined. In 20 isolates, resistance was determined at 4 or more antimicrobials, seven of excreta (7/17), five of feed (5/12), and eight of waterers (8/12). One of the isolates from the waterers showed resistance to all antimicrobials. The iss gene was detected in three isolates, the tsh gene in three, the papC gene in two, traT and eae genes were not detected. In this study, it can be concluded that Psittaciformes commercialized as pet are carry E. coli isolates resistant to most commonly used antimicrobials, mainly sulfonamides and neomycin, besides having virulence and serum resistance genes, which highlights the possibility of the to cause disease in humans.
Tenecteplase intracameral durante a facoemulsificação em coelhos: avaliação clínica do segmento anterior e análise bioquímica do humor aquoso
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-07-16) Piveta, Lidiana Cândida; Oliveira, Helton Freires; Rezende, Janayne Maria; Miguel, Marina Pacheco; Lima, Aline Maria Vasconcelos; Damasceno, Adilson Donizeti
To evaluate the use of tenecteplase in transoperative phacoemulsification in healthy rabbits, the study was carried out with fifteen New Zealand rabbits, divided into three groups: control group (CG), untreated group (UG) and treated group (TG). UG and TG were operated by phacoemulsification and TG received 50 μg / 0.3 mL of intracameral tenecteplase. The postoperative evaluations were 24 h, 72 h, 7 days, 15 days and 21 days. In TP21 the animals were submitted to euthanasia and aqueous humor samples were collected. No significantdifferences were observed in the clinical evaluations between CG and TG in relation to incidence rates of intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal edema, fibrin deposits, hyphema, aqueous flare and synechia. In the physicochemical evaluation of the aqueous humor, there were no significant differences between the three groups in relation to pH values and concentrations of chloride ions. The aqueous humor density values were statistically different between CG and the other groups. In the histological evaluation, there were no significant differences between the groups. The use of tenecteplase in transoperative phacoemulsification in rabbits did not present significant differences in terms of clinical, physicochemical and histological parameters.
Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of Crotalus durissus terrificus crude venom
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-10-20) Dietz, Jefferson do Carmo; Almeida, Daniela Andrade de; Cintra, Lorena Cardoso; Oliveira, Bruno Francesco Rodrigues de; Magalhaes, Marta Regina; Jesuino, Rosalia Santos Amorim
Snake venoms are recognized as a promising source of pharmacologically active substances and are potentially useful for the development of new antimicrobial drugs. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial activity of the venom from the rattlesnake Crotalus durissus terrificus against several bacteria. Antibacterial activity was determined by using the plate microdilution method and the activity on the bacterial envelope structure was screened by using the crystal violet assay. The proteins in crude venom were separated by electrophoresis and characterized regarding their proteolytic activity. C. d. terrificus venom exhibited antimicrobial action against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. MIC values were defined for Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 (62.5 μg/mL), Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 (125 μg/mL), and Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341 (≤500 μg/mL). For Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium ATCC 14028 and Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032, the decrease in bacterial growth was not detected visually, but was statistically significant. The crystal violet assay demonstrated that the crude venom increased bacterial cell permeability and the secreted protein profile agreed with previous reports. The results suggest that the proteins with lytic activity against bacteria in C. d. terrificus venom deserve further characterization as they may offer reinforcements to the weak therapeutic arsenal used to fight microbial multidrug resistance.
Milheto como silagem comparado a gramíneas tradicionais: aspectos quantitativos, qualitativos e econômicos
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-10-02) Jacovetti, Reginaldo; Franca, Aldi Fernandes de Souza; Carnevalli, Roberta Aparecida; Okada, Eliane Sayuri Miyagi; Brunes, Ludmilla Costa; Corrêa, Daniel Staciarini
In this assay, we evaluated morphological composition, agronomic parameters, dry matter yield, and the silage fermentative process from pearl millet, sorghum, and corn plant with or without ears within different silos opening times (3, 7, 15, 30, 60, and 120 days). Effluent and gas release from silages were also evaluated besides its chemical composition and protein fractioning. Production costs of all silages were estimated. We also estimate milk production according to different silages dry matter production. Evaluated cultivars were, ADR-7010 (pearl millet), BRS-610 (sorghum), AG-5055 (corn), and IAC-86-2480 (sugarcane). Significant differences were observed for both production as well as chemical composition and production costs. Pearl millet did not prove to be competitive whencompared with other forages. However, as winter crop, pearl millet could be profitable due to the low water exigencies when compared to the other crops.
Antimicrobial activity of copaifera spp. against bacteria isolated from milk of cows with mastitis
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-03-03) Souza, Maria Juíva Marques de Faria; Silva, Carla Afonso da; Paula, José Realino de; André, Maria Cláudia Dantas Porfirio Borges; Vaz, Boniek Gontijo; Carvalho, Thays Colletes De; Romão, Wanderson; Costa, Helber Barcellos da; Conceição, Edemilson Cardoso da
The antimicrobial activities of the oleoresin (OR) and the essential oil (EO) of Copaifera spp. were checked against microorganisms isolated from milk samples of cows diagnosed with grade III subclinical mastitis. The OR had good antimicrobial activity (MIC ≤ 100 µg/mL) against samples of coagulase-positive Staphylococcus, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, Streptococcus of groups C, F, and G, and Corynebacterium spp. Meanwhile, the EO had good antimicrobial activity (MIC≤100 µg/mL) against coagulase-negative Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium spp. The OR and the EO were inactive and weak to inactive, respectively, against Escherichia coli. Overall, the OR had better antimicrobial activity than the essential oil against the 55 bacterial isolates (p<0.0001). The GC/MS analysis identified sesquiterpenes in EO and by the ESI FT-ICR MS method, the identification of diterpenic acids in OR was possible. Therefore, this raw plant material is promising for the development of phytotherapeutic drugs against bovine mastitis.
Glicerina bruta nas rações para leitões na fase de creche
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-01-30) Rocha, Laudicéia Oliveira da; Silva, Juliana Luís e; Rodrigues, Cláudia Paula de Freitas; Mascarenhas, Alessandra Gimenez; Nunes, Romão da Cunha
This study evaluated the inclusion of crude glycerin for piglets in the starter phase. In the performance assay, we used 80 barrows, with initial weight of 6.64 ± 0.8 kg. The experimental design was of randomized blocks and the treatments consisted in 0%, 2%, 4% and 6% of crude glycerin. There was a quadratic effect on final weight, average daily gain and feed intake, the maximum inclusion of crude glycerin was of 2.77%, for higher daily intake. For the ADG, the level of 2.76% of crude glycerin allowed the best gain and final weight, despite any effect on food conversion. There was a significant effect on the incidence of diarrhea (p=0.014) when 2% of crude glycerin was included in the diet. There was a linear decreasing effect on the percentage of GIT (p=0,006), small intestine (p=0,038), kidneys (p=0,089) and liver (p=0,037) of piglets that did not have glycerin in the diet. We observed a quadratic effect on the relative weight of the spleen and pancreas of piglets, the level of 2.73% of crude glycerin resulted in lower pancreas weight, and 3.04% of glycerin increased spleen weight. The level of 2.76% of crude glycerin promotes the highest weight gain for piglets in the nursery phase.
Carcinoma sólido de glândula mamária com metástase em medula espinhal
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-12-20) Santin, Ana Paula Iglesias; Moura, Veridiana Dignani; Borges, Naida Cristina; Carneiro, Severiana Cândida Mendonça Cunha; Toledo, Denise Caroline; Pôrto, Regiani Nascimento Gagno
Mammary neoplasias are common in canine females and carcinomas, among malignant types, occur frequently, especially solid form. At gross view, it can be small and incipient, but it’s invasive and show little differentiation, being able to produce metastasis that can compromise animal survive. This describes a bitch, Fila Brasileiro, six year old with tetraplegy and cervical spinal cord metastasis of mammary solid carcinoma.
O peixe-zebra (Danio rerio) encontra a bioética: os princípios éticos dos 10Rs na pesquisa
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-02-21) Pereira, Aryelle Canedo; Saiki, Patricia Yukari; Santos, Andressa Liberal; Carneiro, Karla da Silva; Souza, Andreza Martins de; Qualhato, Gabriel; Brito, Rafaella da Silva; Mello Andrade, Francyelli Mariana dos Santos
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a tropical fish species widely used in research, worldwide. The development of genetically modified animals and the increasing number of zebrafish breeding facilities due to their emerging use in several research fields, opened room for new ethical challenges for research carried out with this species. It is necessary to raise the scientific community’s awareness of the ethical standards and laws in force, on animal research. Thus, the aim of the current study is to describe 10 Rs ethical principles by using zebrafish as model system in research. The classical 3 Rs concerning animal welfare, namely replacement, reduction and refinement; and the added 7 Rs related to scientific (registration, reporting, robustness, reproducibility and relevance) and conduct principles (responsibility, and respect) in zebrafish research are herein presented and critically discussed. The use of these 10 Rs by researchers, institutions and the Animal Ethics Committee is recommended to support regulations, decision-making about and the promotion of zebrafish health and welfare in research.
Extrato etanólico de cascas recicladas de pequi (Caryocar brasiliense, Camb.) induz apoptose em células de osteossarcoma canino
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-03-15) Braga, Karla Márcia da Silva; Cruz, Vanessa de Sousa; Arnhold, Emmanuel; Araujo, Eugenio Gonçalves de
Osteosarcoma is a mesenchymal cancer associated with high mortality in dogs and in humans. The biodiversity-rich Cerrado, the predominant biome in the Midwest region of Brazil, is native to locally appreciated fruits such as pequi (Caryocar brasiliense, Camb). Although this plant has been frequently used in folk medicine, the pharmacological properties of pequi fruit shells have not been fully evaluated. Thus, this study aimed to determine the cytotoxic activity of ethanol extract of recycled pequi shells on canine osteosarcoma cells in vitro. Cells were cultured and treated with final extract concentrations of 0, 0.029 µg/µL, 0.29 µg/µL, and 2.91 µg/µL for 24, 48, or 72 hours. Cell viability assay using trypan blue exclusion method and tetrazolium reduction method, cell survival assay, and double labeling with annexin V and propidium iodide were performed in the treated osteosarcoma cells. These allowed the determination of IC50, survival fraction, and type of cell death, respectively. Pequi shell ethanol extract at a concentration of 2.91 µg/µL showed the greatest inhibition of osteosarcoma cell growth in vitro, resulting in a 71.80% decrease in growth compared to the control. The mean IC50 was 155.2 μg/mL at 72 hours. The calculated survival fractions showed that cell growth at 72 hours was 3.33% lower in cells treated with 2.91 µg/µL extract. Results from the double labeling experiment suggest that apoptosis was the predominant type of cell death in cells treated with 2.91 µg/µL extract. These results demonstrate that ethanol extract of recycled pequi shells promotes apoptosis in canine osteosarcoma cells.
Ultrassonografia da articulação femorotibiopatelar em ovinos submetidos à indução de sinovite por lipopolissacarídeos
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-03-25) Souza, Michel Felipe Soares; Borges, Naida Cristina; Bittar, Isabela Plaza; Neves, Carla Amorim; Silva, Wanessa Patrícia Rodrigues da; Franco, Leandro Guimarães; Silva, Marco Augusto Machado
Synovitis can be induced in animals through the application of bacterial wall lipopolysaccharide, and shows signs similar to naturally caused synovitis. Several studies have been carried out using the sheep species as an experimental model to understand osteoarticular diseases of the femorotibiopatellar joint in humans. There are echographic studies regarding the standardization of the femorotibiopatellar joint normality in sheep. However, for alterations such as acute synovitis, there is a gap in the literature. The objective was to serially describe the ultrasonographic aspects of the synovitis process induced by intra-articular infiltration of lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli (E. coli) in the femorotibiopatellar joint in sheep. Twelve healthy crossbred sheep (Santa Inês x Dorper) were used. Synovitis induction was performed only in the right FTP joints, which were evaluated by serial ultrasound examination at baseline (M0) and at 12 (M12), 24 (M24), 48 (M48), 72 (M72) and 120 (M120) hours after infiltration with lipopolysaccharide for the induction of synovitis. The intra-articular application of lipopolysaccharide from E. coli resulted in one or more sonographic signs of synovitis (increased volume of synovial fluid, pleating of the synovial membrane and cellularity in the joint cavity), which were identified early, 12 hours after inoculation, and regressed along the evaluated times (p=0.0001), until disappearing after 120 hours of inoculation.
O efeito de probióticos fúngicos adicionados a uma dieta rica em grãos no trato gastrointestinal de ovinos
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-03-21) Fabino Neto, Ronaildo; Pessoa, Flávia Oliveira Abrão; Silva, Thiago Dias; Okada, Eliane Sayuri Miyagi; Santana Neto, Victor Vieira; Godoy, Marcelo Marcondes de; Lima, Danne Kelle Siqueira; Silva, Jose Roberto de Moura; Brainer, Mônica Maria de Almeida
This study aimed to evaluate the microbiological and physicochemical characteristics of the ruminal fluid and histological characteristics of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of sheep on a high-grain diet containing the probiotic fungi Aspergillus terreus and Rhizomucor spp. The study included four treatment groups (without probiotic, with Rhizomucor spp., with Aspergillus terreus, and with a mixture of both fungi), and two types of corn (ground/whole), in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) arranged in 4 x 2 factorial design. Santa Inês x Dorper lambs were housed in eight pens with five lambs each for 75 days. Rumen fluid was collected to study the rumen microbiological profile, macroscopic characteristics, ammonia nitrogen concentration, and microbiological activity. In addition, GIT samples were taken for histological analysis. Fluid analyses showed that the animals presented a low acidosis index. The samples presented a predominantly aromatic odor and blackish-brown color, indicating a neutral pH and high microbial activity. The rumen pH differed (P < 0.05) according to the level of processed corn consumed, being higher for ground grain corn (GGC). There was no difference for any of the microbiological communities analyzed (P > 0.05) (Lac+ and Lac- bacteria, fungi, yeasts, and protozoa). Six genera of facultative anaerobic fungi were identified in 15 observations. Cladosporium spp. was the most prevalent genus (46.66%), followed by Aspergillus spp. (26,66%). The width of the base of rumen papillae showed significant correlation being greater for GCG (P < 0.05) with Rhizomucor and for the control (P < 0.05). The rumen fluid of sheep on a high-grain diet with added Aspergillus terreus and Rhizomucor spp. showed no microbiological and physicochemical changes.
Análise termográfica quantitativa por quadrantes de selas australianas utilizadas em curso de equitação básica
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-09-03) Andrade, Millena Oliveira; Arnhold, Emmanuel; Barcelos, Kate Moura da Costa
The saddle is a particularly important piece of equipment when it comes to training horses. Any problem with this, or in its adjustment, can cause discomfort, pain and injury to the horses. The aim of this study was to analyze Australian saddles thermographically, in a quantitative way by quadrants, performing a primary detection of how pressure distribution occurs in Australian saddles commonly used in MangalargaMarchador (MM) gaited horses during a basic riding course, in order to signal whether there is a need for a more complete assessment of saddle befitting this type of activity. For this purpose, ten similar Australian saddles used by ten MM horses were thermographically evaluated during a basic riding course. Thermographic images were obtained from the ventral face of the saddle before and after one hour of exercise. The images were divided into 9 quadrants and compared quantitatively before and after the ride. Quantitative analysis by quadrants including 3 central quadrants for assessing the gullet region was effective, providing the necessary detail for data analysis. Inappropriate contact of the gullet region with the animal’s back was demonstrated in 100% of the saddles, with the central quadrant of the gullet being the most affected, indicating the inadequacy of this type of saddle for MM in this activity. Therefore, there is a need for a more complete assessment of saddle befitting an Australian saddle type to this equestrian activity, aiming at improvements in animal welfare.
Mês do parto e sexo do bezerro na produção e eficiência dos rebanhos
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-09-25) Vaz, Ricardo Zambarda; Lobato, José Fernando Piva; Restle, João; Costa, Pablo Tavares; Eloy, Lidiane Raquel; Ferreira, Otoniel Geter Lauz; Costa, João Luiz Benavides
The calving period influences productivity and reproductive efficiency the herds. The objective of this study was to evaluate two calving months (October and November) and their effect on the efficiency of a breeding herd for three consecutive years. A total of 298 Braford cows were evaluated at three, four, and five years of age, with their calves early weaned at 148 days of age. The performance characteristics of the cow/calf pairs were evaluated with the calving month and calf sex as the independent variables. The animals were kept as a single group for the three years of observation. Cows calving in November were heavier and had a higherbody condition score at calving. Cows calving in October were heavier and produced heavier calves at weaning. Male calves were heavier at birth and weaning than females (30.8 vs 28.6 kg and 118.9 vs 114.7 kg, respectively). The pregnancy rate was 82.35 and 69.23% for cows calving in October and November, respectively. Calving intervals were shorter in cows calving in November. Cows calving in October were more efficient compared with those calving in November, with a higher actual fertility rate. The production of kilograms of the calf/cow pair was higher for cows calving in October.

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