Cardiotoxicidade induzida pela doxorrubicina: patogenia, diagnóstico e terapias antioxidantes
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2015-12
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Resumo
The doxorubicin (DOX) is an antibiotic of anthracyclines family (ANT) which stands
out as one of the most important antitumoral used in human and animals. It has
limited clinical value due to its cardiotoxicity, which is associated with its serum
concentration. The cardiotoxicity of ANT is common in pacients receiving doses above 500 mg/m2 and it is attributed to lipid peroxidation of cardiomyocytes
membranes. Among the tests for cardiac monitoring before, during and after
chemotherapy with ANT the most used are the imaging and biochemical markers.
Radiography is a simple test and the first to be performed. However, it has diagnostic
limitation for assessing only the cardiomegaly. Moreover, electrocardiography is very
useful to acute cases of cardiotoxicity induced by the DOX in which arrhythmias are
common. The echocardiography is the most widely used method because it is
minimally invasive and has extensive diagnostic value. Myocardial biopsy is an
effective diagnostic method, however invasive, which limits its application. The DOX
is one of several exogenous sources of free radicals. In this context, natural
substances such as phenols, flavonoids, tocopherols, ascorbic acid, carotenoids, and
vitamin E represent chemicals with antioxidant activity and have been investigated
with the objective of reducing cardiotoxicity induced by DOX without decrease its
chemotherapeutic potential.
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Antraciclina, Estresse oxidativo, Cardiomiopatia dilatada, Ecocardiografia, Histopatologia, Anthracycline, Oxidative stress, Dilated cardiomyopathy, Ecocardiography, Histopathology
Citação
MOURA, Léa Resende; VIEGAS, Ângela Alves; NASCIUTTI, Priscilla Regina; CARVALHO, Rosângela de Oliveira Alves; MOURA, Veridiana Maria Brianezi Dignani de. Cardiotoxicidade induzida pela doxorrubicina: patogenia, diagnóstico e terapias antioxidantes. Enciclopédia Biosfera, Goiânia, v. 11, n. 22, p. 711-736, dez. 2015.