Assessment of genotoxic, cytotoxic, and protective effects of Salacia crassifolia (Mart. Ex. Schult.) G. Don. stem bark fractions in mice
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2013-07
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Salacia crassifolia (Mart. Ex. Schult.) G. Don., popularly known in Brazil as “bacupari”, “cascudo”, and “saputá”, is a shrub of the Celastraceae family that is unique to the Brazilian Cerrado region. In folk medicine, this plant has been mainly used to treat skin cancer and gastric ulcers. In the present study, the genotoxic, cytotoxic, antigenotoxic, and anticytotoxic effects of S. crassifolia stem bark fractions (hexane, ethyl acetate, and hydroalcoholic extracts) were evaluated using the mouse bone marrow micronucleus test. Our results showed that none of the S. crassifolia fractions led to a significant increase in the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCE) (P > 0.05), suggesting the absence of genotoxicity. In the antigenotoxicity assessment, a significant decrease in the MNPCE frequency was observed in all fractions of this plant (P < 0.05), demonstrating its protective action against genotoxicity induced by mitomycin C (MMC), which was used as the positive control. Only the hexane fraction of S. crassifolia significantly decreased the poly- and
normochromatic erythrocyte ratio (PCE/NCE) in all doses tested (P <
0.05), demonstrating its cytotoxic activity. In association with MMC,
both ethyl acetate and hydroalcoholic fractions significantly increased
the PCE/NCE ratio in almost all doses tested (P < 0.05), demonstrating
the protective action of S. crassifolia against the cytotoxic effect of
the positive control. In contrast, the hexane fraction presented a
significant decrease in the PCE/NCE ratio in all treatments (P < 0.05),
demonstrating an increase in this plant’s cytotoxicity in mouse bone
marrow cells.
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Salacia crassifolia, Stem bark fractions, Micronucleus test, Cytotoxicity, Antigenotoxicity
Citação
CARNEIRO, C. C. Assessment of genotoxic, cytotoxic, and protective effects of Salacia crassifolia (Mart. Ex. Schult.) G. Don. stem bark fractions in mice. Genetics and Molecular Research, Ribeirão Preto, v. 12, p. 2167-2177, July, 2013.