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Item Toxoplasmose gondii: soroprevalência, isolamento e virulência de cepas obtidas de galinhas caipiras (Gallus domesticus) comercializadas em feiras livres do município de Goiânia(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2007-02-27) Aleixo, Eduardo da Costa Alves; Castro, Ana Maria de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9232309971000621; Soares, Joanna Darc Aparecida Herzog; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6933335902851476; Soares, Joanna Darc Aparecida Herzog; Gomes, Abraão Garcia; Bezerra, José Clecildo BarretoIn this study, 50 free-range chickens were obtained from free fairs of the city of Goiânia, its serum were tested for antibodies anti T. gondii with the modified agglutination test (MAT), its heart and brain had been processed and inoculated in groups of 6 mice. Samples of the organs of the birds and the surviving mice had been sectioned and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin for the search of Toxoplasma-like cysts structures. The serum of the surviving mice was analyzed by the indirect immunofluorescence reaction (RIFI). The isolated ones had been submitted to the study of virulence for mice by inoculations with different concentrations of tachyzoites. 25 birds (50%) had revealed positive (MAT ≥ 1:5) getting a total of three isolated. Toxoplasma-like cysts structures had been found in histologic cuts of eight birds (16%) and organs of mice of two groups (2%). Of the 25 experiments with inoculeted of positives birds, in 11 (44%) it had the detention of IgG anti-Toxoplasma. In the samples of negatives birds, evidences of the presence of Toxoplasma had not been found. Of the three isolated, two had been lethal for mice from concentrations of a thousand tachyzoites., while another one was 100% fatal one from the concentration of ten a thousand tachyzoites.Item Avaliação clínica, laboratorial e histopatológica do efeito de drogas imunossupressoras na reativação da toxoplasmose crônica em modelo murino com a cepa ME 49 no camundongo BALB/c(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008-03-28) Alves, Fabiana Santiago Aleixo; Lino Junior, Ruy de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0372118837748010; Soares, Joanna Darc Aparecida Herzog; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6933335902851476; Garciazapata, Marco Tulio Antonio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3672512339058369; Garciazapata, Marco Tulio Antonio; Lacerda, Elisângela de Paula Silveira; Carvalhaes, Mara SilvaThis work was evaluated for the potential reactivation of Toxoplasmosis in murine model similar to human immunosuppression being developed in BALB/c mice, which were 40 days infected with 20 cysts of ME 49 strain of Toxoplasma gondii and after 60 days was initiated treatment with immunosuppressant drugs, Azathioprine in dosage of 10mg/kg five times a week in days, Dexametasone in dosage 2.5mg/kg per day per mouse, three times per week on alternate days, Cortisone acetate in 50mg twice a week in subcutaneous injection of cortisone acetate alone, or associated with its proper controls. Treatment was continued for 28 days. The use of the Dexametasona or Azathioprine isolated or associated with, a factor not caused by reactivation of serological tests, clinical or histopathological but associated with cortisone acetate led to a clinical diagnostic framework of a voluntary recall because of injuries in epidermal 62.5% of the mice that lot compared to its proper controls, however mortality was not observed in any of the groups testedItem Atividade moluscicida de nanopartículas de prata funcionalizadas com polivinilpirrolidona nos estágios iniciais de desenvolvimento do caramujo Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-03-16) Araújo, Paula Sampaio; Rocha, Thiago Lopes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6325937100056775; Rocha, Thiago Lopes; Monteiro, Caio Marcio de Oliveira; Barreto, Lucas PradoSchistosomiasis is a tropical disease of an endemic nature caused by the parasite Schistosoma mansoni and its intermediary host is freshwater snails, such as Biomphalaria glabrata. Among the disease control methods, the intermediate host control stands out through the use of molluscicides. Nanotechnology appears as a viable alternative for the development of new molluscicides. Among the nanoparticles with potential molluscicidal use, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) stand out due to their inherent physical and chemical properties, with an effect against bacteria, fungi, viruses and protozoa. Thus, the general objective of the present study was to evaluate the molluscicidal potential of PVP-functionalized Ag NPs for different stages of development (embryos, newly hatched) of the snail B. glabrata. The bioassays were carried out during the embryonic development phase and in newly hatched snails for a total period of 144 h and 96 h, respectively, using concentrations from 12.1 to 1560 g L-1. Biomarkers such as mortality rate, hatch rate and morphological alteration were analyzed, together with the estimated average lethal concentration. Results showed that the embryos were more resistant to Ag NPs than the newly hatched. The toxicity was demonstrated during all phases analyzed in a concentration-dependent manner. Exposure to Ag NPs induced the formation of hydropic embryos. This was the first study that evaluated the toxicity of Ag NPs and their dissolved counterpart (AgNO3) in embryos and newly hatched snails B. glabrata.Item Carga epidemiológica da coqueluche e avaliação de impacto de vacinação de gestantes contra coqueluche implementada no Brasil em 2014(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-08-10) Bagattini, Ângela Maria; Toscano, Cristiana Maria; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3772312631884265; Toscano, Cristiana Maria; Morais Neto, Otaliba Libânio de; Siqueira Júnior, João Bosco; Silva, Lara Lívia Santos da; Kuchenbecker, Ricardo de SouzaIntroduction: Pertussis is an acute infectious disease of respiratory transmission, with cyclical occurrence, it is endemic worldwide, represents an important global burden, particularly in children under one year of age who have more severe conditions and may progress to death. Between 2010 and 2014, a sudden and atypical increase in the number of cases of the disease was observed in several countries, including Brazil. There are several hypotheses about the factors associated with this resurgence, including disease cyclicality, replacement of whole-cell vaccines with acellular vaccines, falling vaccine coverage in children, and the effectiveness and duration of protection of vaccines in children, among others. Objectives: This study aims to characterize and estimate the epidemiological situation of pertussis in Brazil, evaluate the impact of vaccination of pregnant women with pertussis vaccine (dTpa) implemented in Brazil in 2014. Also, review the evidence about protection and duration of protection conferred by the whole cell vaccine against pertussis used for vaccination of children in the National Programs of Immunization. Methods: A study in three stages was carried out. The first stage described the epidemiological situation of whooping cough in morbidity and mortality in Brazil from 2000 to 2016. Next, the second stage with an interrupted time series ecological study was carried out with data adjusted by month and using the ARIMA model to assess the impact on cases and hospitalizations of children under five years of age with the introduction of the dTpa vaccine for pregnant women in 2014. The two stages used three independent health information systems, the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN), the Hospital Information System (SIH), the Mortality Information System (SIM) and the National Immunization Program Information System (SI-PNI), data were aggregated and evaluated by age group and federation unit. The third stage of the study was carried out through a systematic review to assess the effectiveness and duration of protection provided by the whole cell pertussis vaccine (DTPw) in children considering the vaccines currently available on the international market. Results: Pertussis showed cyclical patterns of disease burden over time between 2000 and 2016 in Brazil, in different regions with heterogeneous conditions, with a well-defined outbreak that started in 2011 and peaked in 2014, reaching mainly and more severely. children under six months, with 20,103 (54%), 19,919 hospitalizations (79%) and 565 deaths (93%). The incorporation of dTpa vaccination in pregnant women was associated with a significant reduction in pertussis cases and hospitalizations in children under six months of age when coverage is above 45%. After the introduction of dTpa, it is estimated that 2,124 cases and 1,439 hospitalizations for pertussis were avoided in children under six months of age in states with coverage above 45% between 2015 and 2016. Additionally, 12 studies with DTwP conducted between 2007 and 2020 were included for review, which have varied methodological quality and lack evidence on immunogenicity and duration of immunity indicating a short duration, less than five years. Conclusions: The analysis of different health information systems used showed consistent results throughout the period analyzed, reflecting the cyclicity of the disease and its resurgence from 2011. The incorporation of dTpa vaccination in pregnant women resulted in an impact on the reduction of hospitalizations and deaths of children when vaccination coverage above 45% is achieved. The wP vaccines currently in use have scant evidence of duration of immunity, even though they are used in over 100 countries, in most low- and middle-income countries. Relevance and Impact: The results of this work reinforce the importance of achieving and maintaining dTpa vaccination coverage in pregnant women above 45% in order to obtain a significant impact of vaccination of pregnant women in reducing hospitalizations for pertussis in children. Although wP is one of the most used vaccines globally in children in immunization programs in low- and middle-income countries, there has been an important change in the producers of these vaccines in recent decades, with large pharmaceutical companies having left the market and being replaced by producers in countries emerging technologies that today account for the totality of wP vaccines produced and used in the world. Evidence suggests that the duration of protection afforded by these vaccines in children is short. However, better quality evidence on the effectiveness and duration of immunity conferred by these vaccines is needed to support the definition of more appropriate vaccination strategies.Item Análise do polimorfismo dos genes das famílias eNOS, CYP e GST em pacientes ateroscleróticos que fazem o uso de estatinas(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-09-03) Barbosa, Andreia Marcelino; Oliveira, Sérgio Marcelino de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7215263898606009; Moura, Kátia Karina Verolla de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0087299570422353; Moura, Kátia Karina Verolli de Oliveira; Reis, Paulo Roberto de Melo; Silva, Cláudio Carlos da; Costa, Iasmim Ribeiro da; Silva, Kleber Santiago Freitas eAtherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease and is one of the main causes of coronary heart disease and stroke in humans. It affects large and small arteries and is characterized by the development of lipid-rich plaques in the vascular wall. Percutaneous coronary intervention with stents may be an acceptable alternative for patients with coronary artery disease, being one of the most common procedures for the treatment of atherosclerotic lesions. Evidence has suggested that statins, in addition to low density lipoprotein reduction, exhibit atherosclerotic plaque stabilization properties and endothelial homeostasis; anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiproliferative and immunomodulatory effects; normalization of sympathetic flow and prevention of platelet aggregation. The search for genetic determinants of atherosclerosis has been going on for decades. Currently, this line of research is focused on identifying candidate genes involved in atherogenesis pathways and conducting association studies to assess their roles in the development of the pathology. To analyze the polymorphism of genes from the eNOS, GST, CYP families in atherosclerotic patients who use statins, analyzing a case group - those who have stents - and a control group - those who do not have stents - to perform a comparison of statins therapy. The study of allelic and genotypic frequencies showed that a population is in Hardy Weinberg imbalance and this proves the influence of evolutionary factors.Item Erros de imunização em Goiás: análise das notificações(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-11-26) Barboza, Tânia Cristina; Gimenes, Fernanda Raphael Escobar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2815443534074464; Camargo, Ana Elisa Bauer de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8388407861788466; Camargo, Ana Elisa Bauer de Oliveira; Junqueira, Ana Luiza Neto; Pessoni, Grécia CarolinaINTRODUCTION: The use of immunobiological has provided progress in the control and prevention of various diseases. However, the increase in the supply of this product, both in quantity and in its diversity, promoted a greater complexity in the vaccination process, revealing the increase of adverse events following immunization (AEFI), including immunization errors (IE), incidents that are avoidable. OBJECTIVE: To analyse the immunization errors occurred and notified in Goiás. METHODOLOGY: This is a retrospective, analytical cohort study of the notifications on IE sent to the Information System on Post-Vaccination Adverse Events Surveillance (SI-EAPV) from the National Immunization Program SI-PNI between August 2014 and December 2017. Data were analysed in the SPSS program, version 24.0. Descriptive analysis was performed using absolute and relative frequencies. The number of errors associated with a vaccine and the number of doses applied and recorded in the SI-PNI of the vaccine associated to the error were used to calculate the incidence rate of IE. The association between the type of immunobiological used and the incidence rate was verified by means of the ratio of incidence rate (RIR) and the respective p-value, using Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: 501 IE occurred, 426 (90.6%) IE without AEFI and 47 (9.4%) IE with AEFI. The overall incidence rate was 4.05 IE/100.000 doses applied, the most frequent were those related to the prescription and/or indication of the immunobiological (26.9%), the inadequate interval between doses (18.2 %) and the error in the administration technique (14.2%). Most cases occurred during administration of routine doses (92.6%) and a higher proportion of IE were related to vaccines (15.4%), yellow fever (12%), HPV (10%), pentavalent (7.4%) and VORH (7.0%). The majority of IE (416; 80.0%) occurred in municipalities in the interior of the State and in female individuals (313; 62.5%). Regarding the age group, IE in children under five involved more than half of the cases analysed (55.7%). Approximately half (49.7%) of IE occurred on administration of the first dose of immunobiological and 58.1% involved immunobiological administered intramuscularly. Of the total IE with AEFI, 139 events occurred, including local manifestations (66.2%) and systemic manifestations (33.8%). The five most reported AEFI were local pain (14.4%), edema or flushing (12.2%), erythema (12.2%), heat (9.4%) and nodule (5.0%). There was a higher frequency of IE with AEFI related to BCG (23.4%), pentavalent (10.6%), yellow fever (8.5%), and HPV (8.5%) vaccines. CONCLUSION: The study evidenced that errors are occurring in the immunization process, and it is necessary to adopt prevention strategies, focusing on systemic measures and human resources development, improving the quality of service and promoting safe vaccination in vaccine rooms.Item Indicadores de contaminação viral em amostras de água consumida em regiões rurais de Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-11-28) Bordoni, Graziela Picciola; Carneiro, Lilian Carla; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6506744224041777; Carneiro, Lilian Carla; Albuquerque, Antônio João Carvalho de; Oliveira, Bruno Francesco Rodrigues deRural communities are located far from urban centers, where the adequate supply of potable water is hampered. In the lack of a public distribution network, water is obtained from surface and groundwater sources, where the microbial quality is often unknown. Goiás has 9.7% of the population in rural areas and previous studies carried out in some of these rural and traditional communities have already demonstrated the vulnerability of water for the consumption of these residents by waterborne pathogens, such as enteric viruses. Therefore, the aim of the work was to continue the evaluation of fecal contamination of water samples from individual and collective sources, from 24 communities in rural areas of the State of Goiás. 160 samples were collected, whose water sources were shallow tubular well, deep tubular well, dug well and spring, surface water, rainwater stored in cisterns and water truck. The enteric viruses Human Adenovirus (HAdV), Rotavirus (RV) and Enterovirus (EV) were used as indicators of fecal contamination, analyzed by qPCR. In all, 30% of the samples showed signs of fecal contamination. Detection rates were 20% for RV, 9.4% for HAdV and 4.4% for EV. The geometric means of concentration of these indicators were 1.5x106 GC/L, 1.9x106 GC/L and 7.1x105 GC/L, respectively. RV was the most prevalent viral indicator in underground sources, being statistically associated with shallow tubular wells. In spring samples, HAdV stands out with 11.8%. In the cistern samples, both HAdV and RV were found in the same prevalence. These results reveals that the analyzed population is vulnerable to waterborne diseases caused by enteric pathogens, serving to guide future decisions and improve daily water treatment practices in these communities.Item Avaliação de linhagens mutantes de Trichoderma harzianum na indução de resistência ao mofo branco e promoção do crescimento de feijoeiro comum (Phaseolus vulgaris)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-12-02) Brandão, Renata Silva; Lobo Junior, Murillo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3352833548668460; Ulhoa, Cirano José; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8368469162867277; Ulhoa, Cirano José; Kipnis, André; Monteiro, Valdirene Neves; Araújo, Leila Garcês; Filippi, Marta Cristina Corsi deThe common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most cultivated species among the other species of the Phaseolus genus with 95% of world production. There are several pathogens of epidemiological importance that cause economic damage to this crop, among which, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Which causes white mold. This pathogen can survive in seeds for more than three years and, through them, establish the disease in new areas. The fungus Trichoderma spp. stands out as an important biological control agent for S. sclerotiorum. Trichoderma mutants may be an alternative not only for biological control, suggesting that strains that overexpress aquoporins help the bioagent survive by providing protection against osmotic shock and ΔEpl-1 mutant, on the other hand, is involved in the process of mycoparasitism against phytopathogenic fungi, with responses in the protection of plants not yet defined. The aim of the study was to evaluate the physiological and biochemical aspects regarding the use of the fungus Trichoderma mutants Aquo and ΔEpl-1 in common bean plants against S. sclerotiorum. The experiment was conducted at Embrapa rice and beans and at the UFG Enzymology Laboratory. Physiological and biochemical analyzes were carried out on leaves and roots of common bean plants, produced from seeds treated with the wild isolate All 42 of Trichoderma harzianum, their strains of mutants Aquo and ΔEpl-1, and control without treatments. The Aquo treatment promoted an increase of 25% in the leaf area of the plants in relation to the control (p <0.05) and surpassed the treatments All42 and ΔEpl-1 by 28% and 91%, respectively. The specific activity of the enzyme β-1,3 glucanase was higher in plants treated with T. harzianum ΔEpl-1, in leaves and roots with 2.07 Umg-¹ and 2.57 Umg-¹, with and without inoculation of S. sclerotiorum presented 2.27 Umg-¹ and 2.34 Umg-¹, respectively, presenting a significant result on the leaf in relation to the other treatments.Item Toxicidade reprodutiva e resposta de múltiplos biomarcadores no caramujo Biomphalaria glabrata (Say 1818) após exposição crônica às nanopartículas de óxido de ferro (γ-Fe2O3) funcionalizadas com ácido glucônico(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-03-17) Caixeta, Maxwell Batista; Silva, Luciana Damacena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3800305083164308; Rocha, Thiago Lopes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6325937100056775; Rocha, Thiago Lopes; Monteiro, Caio Márcio de Oliveira; Fernandes, Éverton Kort KampNanotechnology has been applied to control parasites and intermediate hosts of etiologic agents of neglected global and tropical diseases, such as schistosomiasis. The parasite Schistosoma mansoni is the etiological agent of this disease in Brazil, and snails Biomphalaria spp. act as intermediate host. The use of nanomaterials (NMs) as molluscicidal agents is promising due to their specific properties that allow internalization, greater reactivity and specificity to the snail, in addition to the ease of production, and the possibility of removal from the environment. In this sense, the aim of this work was to evaluate the potential molluscicidal activity of gluconic acid - functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) in the snail Biomphalaria glabrata. Initially, a bibliometric analysis associated with a systematic review of the literature identified that different NMs were able to induce oxidative stress, genotoxicity, mutagenicity, embryotoxicity, reproductive and transgenerational toxicity, immunotoxicity, mortality and behavioural changes in different species of gastropods. Regarding bioassays, after chronic exposure (28 days) of B. glabrata to different concentrations of IONPs and FeCl3 (1.0; 2.5; 6.2 and 15.6 mg L-1), a high bioaccumulation of iron by IONPs in visceral mass of the snail compared to the iron ions and the control group was observed. Likewise, there was a high frequency of behavioural changes in snails exposed to IONPs when compared to their ionic counterpart and to the control group. Both forms of Fe reduced fertility, while mortality and reduced snail’s fertility were observed only after exposure to IONPs at 15.6 mg L-1. The general results indicated behavioural impairments and reproductive toxicity, associated with the bioaccumulation of IONPs in B. glabrata. This study emphasizes that metal-based nanoparticles are potential molluscicidal agents.Item Avaliação da produção de BMP2 no intestino de camundongos infectados com Trypanosoma cruzi(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-03-12) Carmo Neto, José Rodrigues do; Silva, Juliana Reis Machado e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5289363102869037; Silva, Juliana Reis Machado e; Oliveira, Milton Adriano Pelli; Campos, Helioswilton Sales de; Freitas, Aline de AraújoOne of the main late complications of Chagas' disease (CD) is the megacolon, affecting approximately 10% of symptomatic patients. However, studies are needed to understand mechanisms involved in the progression of this condition in the chronic phase of CD. Myenteric plexus neurons are known to be essential for the control of intestinal motility. Through infection by Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi), the inflammatory profile that sets in is involved in neural destruction. One of the proteins related to the maintenance of nerve cells in the myenteric plexus is the type 2 morphogenetic protein (BMP2), produced mainly by muscle macrophages. The homeostasis of the BMP2/macrophage ratio is directly involved with intestinal motility and the maintenance of organ function. Thus, the aim of this study was to correlate the production of intestinal BMP2 with the production of cytokines and histopathological changes in C57Bl / 6 mice. infected by the T. cruzi Y strain in the periods of 30 and 90 days of infection. The mice were infected with 1000 blood trypomastigote forms. After the infection period, the mice were euthanized and the spleen and intestine were collected. The intestine was divided in two, one fragment was used for histological analysis and the other for quantification of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-10 and BMP2, as well as the spleen. Infection with strain Y induced an increase in the production of TNF-α, IFN-γ and BMP2 in the intestine after 30 days of infection, as well as an increase in the inflammatory infiltrate and a decrease in the number of neurons in the myenteric plexus. Collagen deposition increased gradually throughout the infection, demonstrated at 90 days of infection. It was observed that the increase in BMP2 after 30 days of infection has a positive correlation with the increase of IFN-γ and TNF-α in the intestine. However, BMP2 and IFN-γ showed a negative correlation with the number of neurons in the myenteric plexus in the same period in the organ. As a first report of the alteration of BMP2 production after infection by T. cruzi, it is suggested that this imbalance may represent a new pathway in maintaining the intestinal pro-inflammatory profile, as well as being related to the neuronal damage that the infectious process establishes.Item Análise in silico do papel do receptor imune TREM-1 na infecção pelos Norovírus murino e humano(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024-01-22) Colmenares, Mike Telemaco Contreras; Sales, Marcelle Figueira Marques da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0477630359032513; Campos, Helioswilton Sales de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1386621024118393; Campos, Helioswilton Sales de; Dias, Fátima de Rivero; Silva, Marcos Vinicius daIn humans, Norovirus (NoV) is one of the main causes of acute diarrheal disease (ADD). Due to the limitations of NoV cultivation, some molecular aspects of its interaction with the host's immune system remain unknown. The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1) is associated with the amplification of inflammatory responses and the progression of infections, including viral infections. Thus, we believe that TREM-1 may be involved in the NoV infection. Initially, we investigated the expression of Trem1 and the genes involved in its pathway, in transcriptomic data bank of public domain. In experimental infection with murine Norovirus (MNoV), the expression of Trem1 was increased. We also observed that there is a co-expression of Trem1 and genes involved in the pyroptosis pathway, when compared to those in the apoptosis pathway. The in silico protein-protein interactions were assessed by molecular docking simulations between the Ig-like domain of murine TREM-1 and the P domain of the MNoV VP1 protein. The murine TREM-1 recognized the conserved C´-D´ antigen that is present in the murine VP1. In this regard, and based on phylogenetic criteria, different structures of the VP1 protein of NoV GII.4 strains from different years (1987, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016 and 2019) were modeled. We performed docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to determine the in silico interaction between the VP1 protein of NoV GII.4 and the Iglike domain of human TREM-1. The DM simulations suggest that there is a basic interaction between human TREM-1 and the NoV VP1 protein, regardless of the year of isolation. Interestingly, we observed changes in the participation of the different complementarity determining regions (CDRs) of TREM-1 when interacting with the domains of the VP1 protein, highlighting the participation of CDR3. Our data strongly suggests the involvement of TREM-1 in the recognition of NoV and its participation in the physiopathology of ADD caused by NoV.Item Bioprospecção de microrganismos biodessulfurizantes de borracha vulcanizada de pneu inservível(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-09-22) Dorta, Dulcimê Gonçalves; García Rodriguez, Armando; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8414244562919300; Vieira, José Daniel Gonçalves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1742731776579730; Vieira, José Daniel Gonçalves; Amaral, André Correa; Carrim, Aysha Jussara IvonildeTires have great importance, but have become a risk to public health and the environment due to the characteristics conferred by the rubber vulcanization and other components. One of the ways of reusing the tyre is rubber recycling through devulcanization. Thus, the objective was to isolate microorganisms from mechanic shop’s waste and assess their desulphurization of vulcanized rubber (VR) capacity. With selective enrichment using DMSO, two bacteria named D1 and DAF were isolated, later submitted to biochemical, metal resistance and antibiogram tests. Preliminary to the tests, fungus contamination was observed, which revealed to be from BV, being isolated and included in the protocol. It used 1% (w/v) of granulated tire rubber (BP-III) asepsis with 70% alcohol in a culture flask. Each microorganism was added with Bushnell-Haas medium without SO4-2 (BH-s) to a flask, one had no microorganism added, another contained only medium and were incubated in a shaker at 30ºC, 130 rpms. Biochemical tests indicated D1 as Pseudomonas sp. The molecular method identified DAF as Staphylococcus warneri and the fungus as Fusarium chlamydosporum. Bacteria showed tolerance to the metals tested. The D1 antibiogram had comparative data for five antibiotics, none of which were tolerant, while DAF showed sensitivity to eight. D1 had a greater amount of SO4-2 in the medium than DAF. This and the fungus degraded the rubber. However, the fungus has greater potential for desulfurization. Thus, the microbial capacity to desulfurize VR was observed, a promising and preferable method for tire recycling as it is environmentally friendly and cost-effective.Item Quitinases humanas e infecções fúngicas(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-02-27) Farias, Adriane Nunes; Amaral, André Corrêa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8801299423520104; Amaral, André Corrêa; Silva, Daniela de Melo e; Soares, Renata de Bastos AscençoThis work deals with a systematic review of the intrinsic mechanisms used by humans to fight fungal infections, focusing on chitinases, discussing the main enzymes and gene polymorphism with them involved. Fungal infections are increasingly common in the world, being considered one of the main causes of death in immunocompromised and immunosuppressive patients. Diagnoses and treatments for these infections are still limited and prophylaxis through vaccines is still far from being achieved. Fungi, in general, have chitin in their cell wall, the second most abundant polymer in nature, not found in humans. However, enzymes capable of degrading it, called chitinases, are synthesized by them. Human chitinases are found in the family 18 of glycosyl hydrolases, of which only chitotriosidase (QT), mammalian acid chitinase (AMCase) and di-N-acetyl-chitobiase have chitinolytic activity. QT and AMCase are the most reported chitinases in humans and differ mainly in terms of the chitin cleavage region and the immune response that leads to their expression. The enzymatic activity of chitinases has been observed in several diseases, including fungal infections such as candidiasis, mycetoma and aspergillosis. It is believed that these enzymes act on the innate immune system against pathogenic fungi and their absence or inactivity leads to susceptibility to these organisms. Polymorphisms associated with genes encoding chitinases, especially QT, have been recently described. The duplication of 24 bp in exon 10 of the gene that expresses QT results in a protein with enzyme deficiency. Therefore, this review seeks to gather existing data on fungal infections, their relationship with chitinases, discussing the influence of gene polymorphisms on the chitinolytic activity of these enzymes against pathogenic fungi.Item Investigação dos efeitos do treinamento com ß-glucana no controle da infecção por Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis em camundongos C57BL/6 transgênicos para interleucina 32ƴ humana(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-03-08) Figueiredo, Ana Marina Barroso de; Dias, Fátima Ribeiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5741031258926403; Dias, Fátima Ribeiro; Galdino Junior, Hélio; Gomes, Clayson MouraB-glucan induces trained innate immunity in monocytes/macrophages. Studies suggest that IL-32 is involved in mecanisms important for the control of L. braziliensis and transgenic mouse for the human IL-32 gene (IL-32) is a model for evaluating the functions of this cytokine. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the effect of -glucan training on the control of Leishmania braziliensis infection in IL-32Tg or wild-type (WT) mice. The mice were trained with -glucan and infected with L. braziliensis in the paw (105 or 106 parasites). We evaluated: lesion size, parasite load, histopathological characteristics, cytokines in macerated of the infected paws, lymph node and bone marrow cell cultures. Macrophages were derived from bone marrow precursors from WT or IL-32Tg animals after training in vivo and infected with L. braziliensis to evaluate phagocytosis and leishmanicidal activity. In IL-32Tg mice infected with 105 parasites, when compared to WT animals, -glucan training led to an increase in lesion size on week 3 of infection, associated with an increased inflammatory process and increased production of interferon gamma (IFN); and less parasitic load and less intense inflammatory process after 8 weeks of infection. In bone marrow cell cultures of IL-32Tg animals, 7 days after -glucan injection, there was an increase in IL-1production after stimulation with Leishmania antigens. The phagocytic activity of macrophages from IL-32Tg animals trained with -glucan was higher than that of trained WT animals, but the ability to control infection was similar. Data with inoculum of 105 parasites suggest that IL-32 enhances the effects ofItem Análise dos atributos da atenção primária a saúde na estratégia da saúde da família(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-08-30) Lima, Mirlene Guedes de; Batista, Sandro Rogério Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0635277135921573; Pereira, Edsaura Maria; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8820722314388248; Pereira, Edsaura Maria; Zara, Ana Laura de Sene Amâncio; Caixeta, Camila CardosoThe organization of public health services in the logic of the networks of attention has Primary Health and Care is first contat preferential, coordinated of the care and ordering of the system. For this level of attention to be considered qualified and resolutive, 7 attributes were identified that, when present, reflect the quality of care provided in primary care. In order to construct a picture of the quality of care offered by the professionals doctors and nurses of the Family Health Strategy in Goiânia-GO, a descriptive, exploratory cross-sectional study was conducted with a quantitative approach. As a data collection instrument, the PCATool-Brazil Primary Care Assessment Tool (professional version) applied to 143 professionals doctors and nurses from the city of Goiânia, showing whether sociodemographic factors can be related to adequate primary care scores. The study allows to conclude that the average of the general score of the professionals of the municipality was below the suitable one and that professionals with age greater than 60 years, time of formation smaller and those that have residence present adequate scores of primary care. It was evidenced the need for qualification in primary care with actions and mutual commitment of municipal management and professionals to qualify the assistance provided to users. The results achieved in this research should also contribute to new inquiries in the challenge of building, strong and resolute primary care.Item Síndrome de burnout: características sociodemográficas, estilo de vida e psicossociais em trabalhadores-estudantes(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-11-16) Lima, Vinicius de Almeida; Zara, Ana Laura de Sene Amâncio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8039224852182884; Carneiro, Larissa Arbués; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6576103363656577; Carneiro, Larissa Arbués; Barros, Patrícia de Sá; Zara, Ana Laura De Sene Amâncio; Andrade, Sara Rosa de SousaIntroduction: Psychosocial risks are precursors of Burnout Syndrome, a condition that afflicts 32 million Brazilians, being critical in student-workers. Objective: Identify signs of Burnout Syndrome, its correlation with sociodemographic factors, lifestyle and which are the psychosocial risks that generate more stress. Method: Quantitative, analytical, cross-sectional research carried out with a group of 159 student workers. Results: Student workers expressed (33.3%) critical level, (23.9%) moderate level (42.8%) light level of Burnout. The following variables were correlated with at least one dimension of the syndrome; age group, practice of physical activity, activities outside the work and academic environment, time at work, salary range, intention to retire, residents in the same residence and children. The psychosocial risks that generated the greatest stress were; interference, lack of autonomy, poor communication, long working hours, discrimination, lack of training and precarious career plans. Conclusion: More than half of worker-students have signs compatible with Burnout syndrome, they are young, sedentary and without daily leisure activities. They receive low wages and suffer from a lack of social support in the family and an unhealthy work environment from a psychosocial point of view.Item Reação imunoenzimática (ELISA) para detecção de imunoglobulina M, imunoglobulina G e imunoglobulina A contra a proteína rHsp-X (Rv 2031c) de mycobacterium tuberculosis em pacientes com tuberculose pleural(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-12-18) Limong, Loanda Carvalho Sant’ Ana; Kipnis, Ana Paula Junqueira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1252262903952987; Kipnis, Ana Paula JunqueiraPleural tuberculosis (TBP) has often spontaneous resolution, even without treatment. However, the lack of proper diagnosis and treatment can lead to the occurrence of pulmonary and/or extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in 65% of the cases, in the five years subsequent. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the recombinant Hsp-X antigen (rHsp-X) in an enzyme immunoassay for determining the presence of TBP in patients with pleural effusion. For this study we used 132 samples of serum and pleural fluid (PF) from patients with pleural effusion. Of these, 97 samples were from TBP patients and 35 patients with diseases other than tuberculosis (NTBP) (28 patients with metastatic cancer, 1 patient with congestive heart failure, 2 patients whit liver failure, 1 patient with systemic lupus erythematosus and 3 patients with parapneumonic effusion). The IgM levels of PF were higher in patients with PTB than NTBP, the sensitivity and specificity of the ELISA for the PF was 42% and 83%, respectively. Testing for IgG from the serum and the PF against the recombinant antigen Hsp-X were not effective in discriminating TB patients from other diseases, the sensitivity was found to be 13% and 16% using serum and LP, respectively, with the same specificity of 83%. TBP patients presented higher levels of IgA specific for the rHSP-X than NTBP, the IgA ELISA using PF presented better sensitivity (65%) than using serum (39%), while the IgA ELISA for both types of samples presented the same specificity (83%). In conclusion, the recognition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis rHsp-X by IgA antibodies from the PF of patients with TBP reveals its possible role in the development of a diagnostic test for additional cases of TBP. Further studies must be conducted to confirm this hypothesis.Item Interleucina-17 na atividade de fagócitos inflamatórios de camundongos BALB/c(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-08-02) Lucio, Fernanda Hélia; Oliveira, Milton Adriano Pelli de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2152513705182408; Oliveira, Milton Adriano Pelli de; Gomes, Clayson Moura; Celes, Mara Rúbia NunesIntroduction: Inflammatory macrophages express high amount of IL-17 receptor (IL17R) favoring IL-17 binding. The role of IL-17 activating macrophages to increase microbicidal activity or regulatory response is not completely clear, but previous studies demonstrated that IL-17 activates peritoneal macrophages to increase arginase and induced nitric oxide synthase. Here, we investigated the role of IL-17 and its interaction with IFN-γ, IL-4 and LPS to induce M1 or M2 profiles in wild type (WT) and IL-4 knockout (KO) BALB/c mice. Objective: Evaluate the ability of IL-17, alone or in association with other cytokines, to activate different macrophage profiles. Methods: Thioglycolate-elicited peritoneal macrophages were characterized by cytometry and stimulated in vitro for 48h with different association of IL-17A, IL-17F, LPS, IL-4 and IFN-γ. The supernatant was used to evaluate NO production and lysed cells were used to evaluate arginase activity. Results: Cells harvested from different days after thioglycolate inoculation showed no variation for M1/70, F4/80 and IL-17R. Adherent cells obtained on day 5 presented the largest number of M1/70, F4/80, IL-17R positive cells. IL-17 alone did not induce arginase activity or NO production in WT and IL-4 KO mouse macrophages. Association of IL-4 with IL-17 did not induce arginase activity, but IL-17 plus IFN-γ increased NO production in both strains tested. IL-4 KO macrophages presenting high arginase activity even without stimulation with cytokines and IL-4 increased in these macrophages.Item Análise das interações proteína-proteína da chaperona de cobre ATX1 em Paracoccidioides brasiliensis(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-08-12) Lugo, Danize Eukales Menezes; Silva, Kleber Santiago Freitas e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3813868830071259; Soares, Celia Maria de Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8539946335852637; Soares, Celia Maria de Almeida; Pereira, Maristela; Bailão, Alexandre MeloParacoccidioidomycosis is the most prevalent systemic mycosis in the Americas, mainly in Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela and Argentina. The disease is caused by fungi of the genus Paracoccidiodes that exhibit thermodimorphism. The fungus is present in the soil in the mycelial form at 28°C and in the yeast form in the host at 37°C. The ability to differentiate is considered a virulence factor of this pathogen. Copper (Cu) is an essential component of enzymes that carry out electron transfer reactions. Homeostasis of this metal was first described in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and homologous genes were identified in several organisms. Among these, the ATX1 gene, related to a copper metallochaperone, stands out, which transports Cu1+ from Ctr1 (transmembrane transporter) to Ccc2 (P-type ATPase) in a trans-Golgi vesicle for eventual insertion into Fet3. The latter is a highaffinity Cu-dependent iron absorption protein. Atx1 was identified in S. cerevisiae as a small 8 kDa Cu chaperone, being classified as an antioxidant molecule. Little is known about Cu homeostasis metabolism and the specific function of the ATX1 gene in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Thus, the identification of Atx1 interaction networks in P. brasiliensis can elucidate details of Cu metabolism in this organism. The main objective of this research was to characterize, through molecular anchoring, how ATX1 interacts with P. brasiliensis proteins, providing an understanding of the biology of the fungus and aiming to identify possible therapeutic targets as a future perspective. A group of proteins that interact with Atx1 was identified and validated through pull-down assays. These proteins are part of the maintenance of homeostasis, interacting with other proteins of copper metabolism, electron transport and detoxification proteins. These interactions indicate the importance of Atx1 for maintaining copper homeostasis in the fungus, being a potential target for alternative drugs, which may collaborate to expand therapeutic options.Item Internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária, no município de Goiânia, no período de 2008 a 2013(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-03-12) Magalhães, Alessandro Leonardo Alvares; Morais Neto, Otaliba Libânio de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4030124246791320; Morais Neto, Otaliba Libânio de; Siqueira Júnior, João Bosco; Oliveira, Ellen Synthia Fernandes de; Turchi, Marília Dalva; Minamisava, RuthThe Hospital Admissions by Primary Care Sensitive Conditions (ICSAP), are health problems, which the hospitalization is liable to be avoided by qualified primary care, which is understood as accessibility and effectiveness in outpatient care. To evaluate the magnitude, profile, evolution and spatial pattern of occurrence of the risks of hospitalizations associated with Primary Care Sensitive Conditions of Goiânia´s dwellers in the period of 2008 to 2013 a transversal study was developed using secondary hospitalizations data available in the Hospital Information System of the Department of Regulation, Evaluation and Control of Municipal Health of Goiânia. All admissions were georeferenced linking the neighborhood of Hospitalization Authorization (AIH) to one of the 07 health sanitary districts of Goiânia and then the analyzes of proportion ICSAP were made considering the group of causes, ageand Sanitary District and its evolution during the studied series. The analysis of ICSAP rates was made and also the respective 95% confidence intervals, using the average of hospitalizations in the period clustered by age and group of causes and region of the Sanitary District of Goiânia The results showed a reduction in the proportion of ICSAP in Goiânia and its Sanitary Districts along the studied series, but heterogeneously. A higher reduction was registered in the Northwest District. The Southern District had the highest ICSAP rate and the Southwest District the lowest rate of ICSAP, however when the rates were detailed by cause group, it was observed that the Northwest District had the highest rates for 09 causes groups and the Southern District in 08 of them. The highest proportion of ICSAP and the highest rates in ICSAP were observed extremity age groups (0-9 years and 60 years or more). The occurrence of spatial pattern showed inequality of ICSAP rates in Goiania´s Sanitary Districts in relation to groups of cause and age groups. The study showed some progress and identified insufficient coverage and effectiveness of primary care services in Goiânia, which has the potential to support the city health manager and the sanitary districts in the reorientation of work processes, the family health strategy, in the implementation of intersectoral policies, in the definition of areas for location of new units of primary care in the municipality.
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