"Introducção da sciencia no amago da instrucção primaria": o ensino de ciências naturais no terceiro livro de leitura de Felisberto de Carvalho (1892-1959)
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2017-08-21
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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This research aimed to investigate the teaching of Natural Sciences in the Terceiro Livro de Leitura by Felisberto de Carvalho, educator, writer, journalist and musician. This author, published about seventeen works for instruction, the book we analyzed, is part of the series of five series books entitled Livros de Leitura that circulated in Brazil from the last decade of the nineteenth century until the mid-twentieth century. The goal was to identify the relation between the teaching of Natural Sciences and the legislation in force at the end of the eighties. Cultural history was adopted as a theoretical and methodological contribution, since the research is in the field of History of Education, in order to highlight how the history of the object of this research, within the social reality of the time and of different places, it was Built in the period in which it circulated. The guiding questions of this research were: is the teaching of Natural Sciences in the work of Felisberto de Carvalho in connection with the intuitive method of the Lições das Coisas in the legislation of the late nineteenth century? Has the edition reviewed (1911) maintained the same kind of teaching suggested in the Empire? Does the argument of scientific teaching over Christian moral teaching prevail in this work? Can the construction of a republican industrial Brazil justify the permanence of a scientific education? The place occupied by the area of Natural Sciences, which included other sciences, maintained the format of the reading book, which was intended to teach reading for children in the primary grades? The Terceiro Livro de Leitura by Felisberto de Carvalho was established as object and main source, and as a complementary source, Decree n. 7.247 / 1879 and the Opinion / Project for the Reform of Primary Education proposed by the Public Instruction Commission (1883). Clues were sought in the legislation mentioned for the emphasis given by the author to the Natural Sciences in the books of readings. In this way, it was possible to identify the relation of the Lições das Coisas in the graduated series of reading with the teaching of Natural Sciences, since it has direct relation with the intuitive method and the current legislation, the latter proposes the teaching through the things, the intuitive method. In relation to scientific education in detriment of a Christian moral teaching prevails in this work, the presence of religious teaching was not verified, fact that emphasizes the importance of scientific knowledge based on intuitive teaching, so as to develop in the child the capacity of observation, strengthening solid and durable knowledge.
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FERREIRA, E. P. S, "Introducção da sciencia no amago da instrucção primaria": o ensino de ciências naturais no terceiro livro de leitura de Felisberto de Carvalho (1892-1959). 2017. 109 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2017.