A legislação oral no judaísmo rabínico: um estudo comparado da jurisdição e das halakhot de Shabbat na Mishnah e nos manuscritos de Qumran (II AEC – II EC )
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2018-04-27
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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The intense circulation of the sacred Jewish writings at the end of the 1st Century CE not
only has transferred to the literature a large place of memory and tradition, as it has
opened the doors to the regency of rabbinic Judaism as the dominant form of Jewish
experience. The great volume of writings that has circulated inside and outside of
Palestine has outlined the necessity for the standardization of the Jewish canon by a
portion of the Pharisaic rabbinate and, at the same time, it was a representative of the
illegitimacy that many communities have seen in some writings, as well as the autonomy
that has been directed to the interpretations of the Mitsvah (oral Law) from different
halakhot (practical form of the Mitsvah). In face of this process, we return our analyzes to
the distinct voices present in this course and which are represented mainly by the
Mishnah and the Qumran Manuscripts. The first source, has declared official, contains the
compilation of the Oral Law from the studies made by the Schools of Pharisaic Sages
established in the ancient Near East from the 4th Century BCE ; the second, resulting of the
writings from the Palestinian diaspora, contains a rich collection of the precepts
designated in the Oral Law, as well as a sectarian legislation belonging to the Qumran
community. Since we have the possibility to find in the Qumran Manuscripts distinct
halakhot from those present in the writings that have given shape to the Pharisaic Jewish
canon, we place the understanding of the events that have allowed the rise of rabbinical
Judaism to the voices that were hidden from this process, provinding a greater clarity to
the (in)fidelity of the official Jewish canon with other literary traditions, since the sources
do not demonstrate any legislative homogeneity even within Palestine.
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MARIANO, N. Q. C. A Legislação oral no judaísmo rabínico: um estudo comparado da jurisdição e das halakhot de Shabbat na Mishnah e nos manuscritos de Qumran (II AEC – II EC ). 2018. 292 f. Tese (Doutorado em História) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2018.