Reconstruction of the spatial and temporal dynamics of hepatitis B virus genotype D in the Americas
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2019
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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype D (HBV/D) is globally widespread, and ten subgenotypes
(D1 to D10) showing distinct geographic distributions have been described to date. The
evolutionary history of HBV/D and its subgenotypes, for which few complete genome
sequences are available, in the Americas is not well understood. The main objective of the
current study was to determine the full-length genomic sequences of HBV/D isolates from
Brazil and frequency, origin and spread of HBV/D subgenotypes in the Americas. Complete
HBV/D genomes isolated from 39 Brazilian patients infected with subgenotypes D1 (n = 1),
D2 (n = 10), D3 (n = 27), and D4 (n = 1) were sequenced and analyzed together with refer ence sequences using the Bayesian coalescent and phylogeographic framework. A search
for HBV/D sequences available in GenBank revealed 209 complete and 926 partial
genomes from American countries (Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Cuba,
Haiti, Martinique, Mexico, USA and Venezuela), with the major circulating subgenotypes
identified as D1 (26%), D2 (17%), D3 (36%), D4 (21%), and D7 (1%) within the continent.
The detailed evolutionary history of HBV/D in the Americas was investigated by using differ ent evolutionary time scales. Spatiotemporal reconstruction analyses using short-term sub stitution rates suggested times of the most recent common ancestor for the American HBV/
D subgenotypes coincident with mass migratory movements to Americas during the 19th
and 20th centuries. In particular, significant linkages between Argentina and Syria (D1), Bra zil and Central/Eastern Europe (D2), USA and India (D2), and Brazil and Southern Europe
(D3) were estimated, consistent with historical and epidemiological data.
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SPITZ, Natália et al. Reconstruction of the spatial and temporal dynamics of hepatitis B virus genotype D in the Americas. Plos One, San Francisco. v. 14, n. 7, e0220342, 2019. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220342. Disponível em: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6657902/. Acesso em: 8 abr. 2025.