Evaluation of the snakebite severity in the brazilian midwest
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Data
2023-07-03
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Snakebites are of important public health concern as they can progress in severity and they may
cause death, especially in populations with low socioeconomic status or in rural areas of tropical
countries. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we evaluated the clinical-epidemiological
profiles of patients admitted for snakebites envenoming at a Reference Hospital in Goiás
State, Brazil, from January 2018 to November 2019 with criteria and definitions for venomous
accidents notified by the Epidemiological Surveillance Center. Of 326 reported cases, 268
(82.2%) involved Bothrops, 56 (17.9%) involved Crotalus, and 1 (0.3%) involved an elapid.
The remaining case (0.3%) was caused by an unidentified snake, as the clinical signs were
suggestive of both Bothrops and Crotalus envenomation and the patient received bivalent
antivenom serum. Most snakebites occurred in men (n= 252, 77%) and in individuals from
rural areas (n= 215, 65.9%). Pain occurred in 315 (96.9%) patients and edema in 274 (84.3%),
being more common in the bothropic accidents. In the crotalic accidents, pain occurred in 50
(89.3%) patients and edema in 24 (44.9%). The snakebite severity was considered mild in 107
(32.8%), moderate in 129 (39.8%), and severe in 90 (27.6%) patients. Acute renal injury was
the most common systemic complication, occurring in 64 patients (19.9%), while secondary
infection was the most important local complication, occurring in 155 (47.5%) patients. Most
cases were classified as moderate or severe, probably because our tertiary level hospital service
handles with more complex cases. Additionally, a significant number of crotalic accidents
had a local presentation, indicating that the venom of snakes in the region has a particular
composition.
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Palavras-chave
Ophidian envenomation, Crotalus, Bothrops, Secondary infection
Citação
COUTINHO, João Victor Soares Coriolano; GUIMARÃES, Taiguara Fraga; VALENTE, Bruno Borges; TOMICH, Lísia Gomes Martins de Moura. Evaluation of the snakebite severity in the brazilian midwest. Revista de Patologia Tropical, Goiânia, v. 52, n. 2, p. 127-140, abr./jun. 2023. DOI: 10.5216/rpt.v52i2.74547. Disponível em: https://revistas.ufg.br/iptsp/article/view/74547/40035. Acesso em: 27 dez. 2023.