Distinct inflammatory profiles in HIV-infected individuals under antiretroviral therapy using cannabis, cocaine or cannabis plus cocaine

Castro, Fernanda de Oliveira Feitosa de; Silva, Jacyelle Medeiros; Dorneles, Gilson Pires; Barros, Jessica Barletto de Sousa; Ribeiro, Camila Bastos; Noronha, Isau Henrique; Barbosa, Gabriela Rodrigues; Souza, Luiz Carlos Silva; Guilarde, Adriana Oliveira; Pereira, Ana Joaquina Cohen Serique; Fonseca, Simone Gonçalves da

Distinct inflammatory profiles in HIV-infected individuals under antiretroviral therapy using cannabis, cocaine or cannabis plus cocaine

Data

2019

Autores

Castro, Fernanda de Oliveira Feitosa de

Silva, Jacyelle Medeiros

Dorneles, Gilson Pires

Barros, Jessica Barletto de Sousa

Ribeiro, Camila Bastos

Noronha, Isau Henrique

Barbosa, Gabriela Rodrigues

Souza, Luiz Carlos Silva

Guilarde, Adriana Oliveira

Pereira, Ana Joaquina Cohen Serique

Resumo

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of cannabis and/or cocaine use on inflammatory, oxidative stress status and circulating monocyte subsets in HIV-infected individuals under antiretroviral therapy. Design: Soluble CD14 (sCD14), intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (IFABP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, C-reactive protein (CRP) and oxidative stress markers were examined. The monocyte subsets and their activation and cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of HIV-1 infected individuals upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulation were also investigated. Methods: sCD14, IFABP, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 levels were evaluated using ELISA, CRP by turbidimetry; lipid peroxidation (TBARS) spectrofluometrically and total thiol levels by using 5–5′-dithio-bis (2-nitrobenzoic acid) reagent. Monocyte subsets and activation were assessed by flow cytometry. Results: All HIV-infected drug user groups showed higher sCD14 levels compared with HIV+ nondrug users. IFABP was increased in HIV+ drug-users in relation to healthy individuals. Cannabis use lowered the percentages of inflammatory, nonclassical, activated-classic and activated-inflammatory monocytes. Cocaine users showed increased plasmatic TNF-α and TBARS levels, decreased thiols content and lower activated-classic and inflammatory-monocyte percentages. Cannabis-plus-cocaine use increased CRP, IL-8 and IL-6/IL-10 ratio, but decreased thiol content, and inflammatory and activated-classic monocyte percentages. PBMCs of cannabis and cannabis-plus-cocaine users showed low-potential cytokine production either spontaneously or under LPS-stimulation. Conclusion: In HIV infection, the use of cannabis induces predominantly an anti-inflammatory profile. The use of cocaine and cannabis-plus-cocaine showed a mixed pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory profile, with predominance of inflammatory status. Further studies are required to better understand the action of these drugs in HIV infection.

Citação

CASTRO, Fernanda de Oliveira Feitosa de et al. Distinct inflammatory profiles in HIV-infected individuals under ART using cannabis, cocaine or cannabis plus cocaine. AIDS, London, v. 33, n. 12, p. 1831-1842, 2019. DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000002296. Disponível em: https://journals.lww.com/aidsonline/fulltext/2019/10010/distinct_inflammatory_profiles_in_hiv_infected.3.aspx. Acesso em: 23 abr. 2025.