Molluscicidal activity of Persea americana Mill. (Lauraceae) stem bark ethanolic extract against the snail Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818): a novel plant-derived molluscicide?
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2020
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Resumo
Plant-derived molluscicides have been indicated as biodegradable and low cost strategies for control of Biomphalaria spp., intermediate host for the Schistosoma.
This study evaluated whether the crude ethanolic extract of the Persea americana
stem bark has molluscicidal activity against embryos, newly-hatched and adults of
Biomphalaria glabrata. The extract was obtained, characterized and its toxicity analyzed
by snail embryotoxicity test (144 h) and acute toxicity test with newly-hatching and adult
snails (96 h). Results showed the presence of fl avonoids, anthraquinone heterosides,
coumarins and tannins in the crude ethanolic extract, which showed molluscicidal
activity against all life cycle stages of B. glabrata. The LC50 for embryos, newly-hatched
and adults were 27.06, 30.60 and 55.55 ppm, respectively. Embryos exposed to the
extract at 50 ppm showed hatching inhibition and at 6.2 and 25 ppm had the highest
rates of morphological alterations, such as shell malformations and coagulation of the
perivitelline substance. Adult snails exposed to the extract at 75 ppm showed a peak
of behavioral changes, such as lethargy and shell reclusion, in addition to answers like
hemolymph release in most concentrations. Further studies are required, prioritizing
toxicity testing on non-target organisms and further elucidation of the active molecules.
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Embryotoxicity, Flavonoids, Intermediate host, Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosomiasis control
Citação
SILVA, Yasmim R. R. et al. Molluscicidal activity of Persea americana Mill. (Lauraceae) stem bark ethanolic extract against the snail Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818): a novel plant-derived molluscicide? Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, Rio de Janeiro, v. 92, n. 4, e20200715, 2020. DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020200715. Disponível em: https://www.scielo.br/j/aabc/a/FzhRhv4ZX5BNZn7FdKpShSs/?lang=en. Acesso em: 2 jun. 2025.