Homogenous HIV-1 subtype B from the Brazilian Amazon with infrequent diverse BF1 recombinants, subtypes F1 and C among blood donors
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2019
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In the last decade a growing HIV/AIDS epidemic with increased incidence and AIDS-related
mortality has been reported in Northern Brazil from which molecular data are scarce. Also,
apparently healthy, adult blood donors, recently diagnosed with HIV-1 represent important
sentinel populations for molecular studies. This cross-sectional study describes HIV-1 sub types in blood donors from three reference public blood centers located in three States in
Northern Brazil. HIV-1 pol sequencing (protease/PR, reverse transcriptase/RT) was per formed on plasma samples of HIV-1 positive donors from HEMOAM, Manaus, Amazonas
(n = 198), HEMERON, Porto Velho, Rondoˆnia (n = 20) and HEMORAIMA, Boa Vista,
Roraima (n = 9) collected from 2011–2017. HIV-1 subtypes were identified by REGA, phylo genetic inference; recombinant viruses were characterized by SIMPLOT. Young, single,
males predominated, around half was first-time donors. Syphilis co-infection was detected in
17% (39 out of 227), 8% (18 out of 227) was anti-HBc positive. Subtype B represented �
90% in Amazonas, Rondoˆnia and Roraima, subtype C (3.1%) was found in Amazonas and
Rondoˆnia; subtype F1 (0.9%) and BF1 recombinants (5.3%) were only detected in Amazo nas. Subtype B sequences from Amazonas (n = 179), Rondoˆnia (n = 18) and Roraima (n = 9)
were combined with viral strains representative of the BPANDEMIC (n = 300) and BCARIBBEAN/ BCAR (n = 200) lineages. The BPANDEMIC lineage predominated (78%) although BCAR lineages
were frequent in Roraima (56%) and Amazonas (22%). Subtype C and subtype F1
sequences identified here clustered within Brazilian CBR and F1BR lineages, respectively.
Twelve BF1 mosaics showed 11 different recombination profiles: six were singleton unique recombinant-forms/URFs, one displays a CRF28/29_BF-like recombinant pattern and the
remaining four BF1 isolates branched with other Brazilian BF1 viruses previously described
and may represent putative new CRF_BF1 from Northern Brazil. Our study shows a highly
homogeneous molecular pattern with prevalent subtype B, followed by BF1, and sporadic
subtype C and F1 in blood donors from the Northern region. Surveillance studies are important to monitor HIV-1 diversity which can reveal patterns of viral dissemination, espe cially in a highly endemic, remote and geographically isolated region as Northern Brazil.
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CRISPIM, Myuki Alfaia Esashika et al. Homogenous HIV-1 subtype B from the Brazilian Amazon with infrequent diverse BF1 recombinants, subtypes F1 and C among blood donors. Plos One, San Francisco, v. 14, n. 9, e0221151, 2019. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221151. Disponível em: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6733458/. Acesso em: 11 fev. 2025.