Fatores associados à presença de triatomíneos em comunidades rurais de Goiás: uma abordagem com modelagem estatística

Abstract

Chagas disease remains a significant challenge in rural Brazil, particularly in traditional communities. This study investigated social and housing factors associated with the presence of triatomine bugs in households in Goiás, based on data from the SanRural project, encompassing quilombola communities, settlements, and riverside communities. Variable factors included community type, wall material, age structure of residents, use of water tanks or asbestos, and raising domestic animals. The statistical approach included logistic regression and generalized additive models - logistic regression (GAM-LR). Logistic regression allowed the identification of direct associations between the evaluated factors and infestation; GAM-LR showed non-linear effects related to the age of the head of household and the residents/rooms ratio. The results revealed a higher proportion of infested houses among quilombola communities (14.3%), in addition to the influence of the presence of young children and a positive history for Chagas disease among residents. The models performed well (86.1% accuracy and 97.3% city specification), reinforcing that the risk of infestation is closely related to the social and structural conditions of the dwellings.