Comparação da eficácia entre CPAP Bolha e CPAP Convencional em recém-nascidos pré-termo na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: Preterm newborns frequently require care in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and respiratory support, such as conventional continuous continuous airway pressure (CCPAP) and bubble continuous airway pressure (BCPAP), used to assist respiratory function. Objective: This study described the results and efficacy of bubble CPAP versus conventional CPAP in the treatment of preterm newborns (PTNBs) in the NICU. Methods: This is a systematic review conducted according to the PRISMA method, with searches in the PubMed, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Latin American and Caribbean Literature (LILACS), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), EMBASE, and Virtual Health Library (VHL) databases. Descriptors related to CPAP and preterm newborns were used. Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro scale. Results: Of the 860 articles identified, 9 studies with a PEDro score greater than 7 were included, totaling 937 PTNBs. In 55.5% of the studies, BCPAP showed better results compared to CCPAP, with fewer complications and shorter hospital stays. In the remaining studies, the results were similar between the methods. Conclusion: The findings indicate that BCPAP may offer clinical advantages, associated with its simplicity, lower cost, and reduction of complications, although some of the literature demonstrates equivalent efficacy between the two devices. In most of the studies analyzed, BCPAP proved more advantageous than VCPAP in the treatment of preterm newborns in neonatal intensive care units.