Congenital toxoplasmosis: evaluation of serological methods for the detection of anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgM and IgA antibodies
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Data
2009-05
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Resumo
A study was carried out to evaluate the presence of serological markers for the immunodiagnosis of the vertical
transmission of toxoplasmosis. We tested the sensitivity, specificity and predictive values (positive and negative) of
different serological methods for the early diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis. In a prospective longitudinal study,
50 infants with suspected congenital toxoplasmosis were followed up in the ambulatory care centre of Congenital
Infections at University Hospital in Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil, from 1 January 2004-30 September 2005. Microparticle
Enzyme Immunoassay (MEIA), Enzyme-Linked Fluorescent Assay (ELFA) and Immune-Fluorescent Antibody Tech-
nique (IFAT) were used to detect specific IgM anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and a capture ELISA was used to
detect specific IgA antibodies. The results showed that 28/50 infants were infected. During the neonatal period, IgM
was detected in 39.3% (11/28) of those infected infants and IgA was detected in 21.4% (6/28). The sensitivity, specific-
ity and predictive values (positive and negative) of each assay were, respectively: MEIA and ELFA: 60.9%, 100%,
100%, 55.0%; IFAT: 59.6%, 91.7%, 93.3%, 53.7%; IgA capture ELISA: 57.1%, 100%, 100%, 51.2%. The presence
of specific IgM and IgA antibodies during the neonatal period was not frequent, although it was correlated with the
most severe cases of congenital transmission. The results indicate that the absence of congenital disease markers
(IgM and IgA) in newborns, even after confirming the absence with several techniques, does not constitute an exclu-
sion criterion for toxoplasmosis.
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Congenital toxoplasmosis, Specific IgM identification, Specific IgA identification, Diagnosis
Citação
Rodrigues, I. M. X.; CASTRO, A. M.; GOMES, M. B. F.; AMARAL, W. N.; AVELINO, M. M. Congenital Toxoplasmosis: evaluation of serological methods to detect anti- Toxoplasma gondii IgM and IgA antibodies. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, v. 104, n. 3, p. 434-440, May 2009.