Polimorfismo C677T do gene mthfr na susceptibilidade à hipertensão arterial: evidências baseadas em metanálise

Abstract

Introduction: Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is a multifactorial disease, and among the factors, genetics stands out, with emphasis on the C677T polymorphism of the mthfr gene, which after coding, regulates the metabolism of homocysteine, a substance that is harmful to blood vessels in high concentration. Objective: To evaluate the association of the C677T polymorphism of the mthfr gene and systemic arterial hypertension. Methods: This is a systematic review with meta-analysis, searching the databases: PubMed and SciELO, according to the eligibility criteria. The data from 20 articles were extracted and the statistical tests, considering a significance limit equal to 5%, were performed with the aid of the RevMan® 5.4 software. Results: The genotypic evaluation of the C677T polymorphism of the mthfr gene showed a relationship between the TT (mutant) and CT (heterozygous) genotypes with SAH (respectively, OR = 1.21; 95% CI = 1.03-1.43 and OR = 1.52; 95% CI = 1.19-1.95). In the allelic evaluation, the association occurred with the T allele (OR = 1.33; 95% CI = 1.17-1.53). The results suggest that the CC (wild) genotype and the C allele provide protection against SAH (CC: OR = 0.66; 95% CI = 0.54-0.81 and C: OR = 0.82; 95% CI = 0.74-0.90). Conclusion: There is an association between the C677T polymorphism of the mthfr gene and systemic arterial hypertension. The presence of the T allele in homozygosis or heterozygosis increases individual genetic susceptibility to the development of SAH.