Cost of management of severe pneumonia in young children: systematic analysis
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2016
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Background Childhood pneumonia is a major cause
of childhood illness and the second leading cause of
child death globally. Understanding the costs associ ated with the management of childhood pneumonia
is essential for resource allocation and priority setting
for child health.
Methods We conducted a systematic review to iden tify studies reporting data on the cost of management
of pneumonia in children younger than 5 years old.
We collected unpublished cost data on non–severe,
severe and very severe pneumonia through collabora tion with an international working group. We extract ed data on cost per episode, duration of hospital stay
and unit cost of interventions for the management of
pneumonia. The mean (95% confidence interval, CI)
and median (interquartile range, IQR) treatment costs
were estimated and reported where appropriate.
Results We identified 24 published studies eligible for
inclusion and supplemented these with data from 10
unpublished studies. The 34 studies included in the
cost analysis contained data on more than 95000 chil dren with pneumonia from both low– and–middle in come countries (LMIC) and high–income countries
(HIC) covering all 6 WHO regions. The total cost (per
episode) for management of severe pneumonia was
US$ 4.3 (95% CI 1.5–8.7), US$ 51.7 (95% CI 17.4–
91.0) and US$ 242.7 (95% CI 153.6–341.4)–559.4
(95% CI 268.9–886.3) in community, out–patient fa cilities and different levels of hospital in–patient set tings in LMIC. Direct medical cost for severe pneumo nia in hospital inpatient settings was estimated to be
26.6%–115.8% of patients’ monthly household in come in LMIC. The mean direct non–medical cost and
indirect cost for severe pneumonia management ac counted for 0.5–31% of weekly household income.
The mean length of stay (LOS) in hospital for children
with severe pneumonia was 5.8 (IQR 5.3–6.4) and 7.7
(IQR 5.5–9.9) days in LMIC and HIC respectively for
these children.
Conclusion This is the most comprehensive review to
date of cost data from studies on the management of
childhood pneumonia and these data should be help ful for health services planning and priority setting by
national programmes and international agencies.
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SHANSHAN, Zhang et al. Cost of management of severe pneumonia in young children: systematic analysis. Journal of Global Health, St. Edinburgh, v. 6, n. 1, e010408, 2016. DOI: 10.7189/jogh.06.010408. Disponível em: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4871066/. Acesso em: 20 ago. 2024.