Systematic review of immunogenicity and duration of immunity of currently licensed pertussis wP vaccines in children
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2022
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Background: Currently recommended whole cell pertussis (wP)
vaccination schedule for children includes a 3-dose primary schedule,
and at least one booster dose. When estimating the impact of
additional strategies to reduce pertussis burden through modelling,
duration of immunity conferred by childhood immunization is among
the parameters models are most sensitive to. We aim to assess the
duration of immunity of currently available wP vaccines in children
and the additional protection conferred by booster doses.
Methods: We conducted a systematic review of published studies of
current commercially available vaccines indexed in Medline, Embase,
Web of Science, Lilacs, SciELO and Central until September 2021. We
included clinical trials, observational longitudinal, and cross-sectional
studies. Citation screening, data extraction, and risk of bias and
methodological quality assessment were done in duplicate by
independent reviewers, following the study protocol registered in
PROSPERO. Studies were included if they reported primary data on
the protection, immunity, or duration of immunity conferred by ≥3
doses of wP vaccine in healthy children, without restriction to time or
location of the study. Outcomes included clinical events or serological
evidence of protection.
Results: We included 12 studies conducted from 2007-2020 with
heterogeneous methodological quality. Studies report on 5 of the 18 currently available wP vaccines in use. After primary immunization,
geometric mean concentration (GMC) of anti-pertussis toxin ranged
from 9.1 EU/mL (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 8.1-10.2) to 50.9
(95%CI: 45.9-56.4). Prior to the 1st booster, GMC titers were low
ranging from 4.7 to 10 EU/mL, and after the 1st booster averaged
around 42 EU/mL.
Conclusions: The limited available evidence on immunogenicity of
currently available wP vaccines reinforces the need for booster doses
and suggests that the duration of wP immunity is short, probably <5
years. This is important information for vaccination policy makers,
investigators and modelers.
PROSPERO registration: CRD42018107309
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Systematic review, Immunogenicity, Pertussis vaccine, Whole-cell, Children, Duration of protection
Citação
BAGATTINI, Angela M. et al. Systematic review of immunogenicity and duration of immunity of currently licensed pertussis wP vaccines in children. Gates Open Research, Washington, v. 6, e101, 2022. DOI: 10.12688/gatesopenres.13661.1. Disponível em: https://gatesopenresearch.org/articles/6-101. Acesso em: 2 dez, 2024.