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Item Avaliação neurofarmacológica das atividades tipo ansiolítica e/ou antidepressiva da fração diclorometano, ácido oleanólico e (E)-metilisoeugenol das folhas de pimenta pseudocaryophyllus (Gomes) L. R. Landrum (Myrtaceae) quimiotipo (E)-metilisoeugenol(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-10-16) Fajemiroye, James Oluwagbamigbe; Costa, Elson Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2607893423583912; Costa, Elson Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2607893423583912; Rocha, Fábio Fagundes da; Paula, Joelma Abadia Marciano de; Ghedini, Paulo César; Custódio, Carlos Henrique XavierDepression and anxiety are widely acclaimed as psychiatric disorders of global concern. These disorders are among the leading causes of disability worldwide. Unsatisfactory responses of patients to the available pharmacotherapy make the search for new drugs a necessity. Medicinal plants remain important source of new drugs and new chemical entities. The ethnopharmacological knowledge and previous data have revealed calming and anxiolytic like effects of the organic leaf extract of Pimenta pseudocaryophyllus (Gomes) L.R. Landrum. The present study sought to investigate antidepressive like effect of dichloromethane fraction (DF) of the ethanolic leaf extract of Pimenta pseudocaryophyllus as well as anxiolytic and antidepressive like effects of oleanolic acid (OA), (E) methyl isoeugenol (MIE) and possible mechanisms of action that are involved. Animal models like barbiturate-induced sleep, light dark box test (LDB), elevated plusmaze (EPM), open field (OF), wire hanging test, pentylenetetrazol-induced convulsion test, forced swimming test (FST), tail suspension test (TST) were conducted to evaluate behavioural alterations that were elicited by the administrations of vehicle, DF, OA, MIE or reference drugs. Bioassays (ex vivo and in vitro) of monoamine oxidase (MAO) and quantification of hippocampal level of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were conducted in an attempt to elucidate possible mechanisms of action. Oral administration of DF 125, 250 or 500 mg/kg (potentiated the hypnotic effect of sodium pentobarbital). In the TST and FST, DF 125 or 250 mg/kg induced antidepressant-like response. The data obtained in the OF suggest sedative effect of DF at 500 mg/kg. Pretreatment (i.p) with pchlorophenylalanine methyl ester (PCPA) 100 mg/kg (serotonin depletor) or 𝛼-methyl-ptyrosine (AMPT) 100 mg/kg (catecholamine depletor) blocked anti-immobility effect of DF viii in the FST. The enzymatic activity of MAO remained unaltered by DF. Oral administration of OA (5-20 mg/kg) increased the duration of barbiturate - induced sleep and demonstrated anxiolytic like effect in both LDB and EPM. In the FST and TST, OA 5-20 mg/kg elicited antidepressant like effect without altering locomotion activity of the animals. The antidepressant like effect of OA was attenuated by NAN-190 (non-selective antagonist of 5-HT1A), AMPT, PCPA, WAY and PRAZ. Chronic administration of OA increased hippocampal level of BDNF. Oral administration of MIE 250 or 500 mg/kg potentiated hypnotic effect of sodium pentobarbital without protecting mice against PTZ - induced convulsion. The parameters evaluated in the LDB, EPM and OF demonstrated anxiolytic like property of MIE. This effect was blocked by WAY (selective antagonist of 5-HT1A) pretreatment. MIE 125 or 250 mg/kg showed antidepressant like effect in the FST. Locomotion activity of the animal in the OF remained unaltered by MIE administration at 125 or 250 mg/kg. Pretreatment of mice with PCPA attenuated antidepressant like property of MIE. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated anxiolytic and/or antidepressant like effects of dichloromethane fraction, oleanolic acid and (E) methyl isoeugenol, thereby suggesting the involvement of monoaminergic pathway.Item Avaliação da atividade tipo ansiolítica do óleo essencial das folhas de Spiranthera odoratissima A. St. Hil. - possível mecanismo envolvido(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-02-28) Galdino, Pablinny Moreira; Costa, Elson Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2607893423583912A ansiedade está entre as patologias crônicas mais comuns em todo o mundo. Em Brasília (capital federal do Brasil) os transtornos de ansiedade afetam 12,1 % da população, sendo o diagnóstico psiquiátrico mais prevalente. Desde a introdução dos benzodiazepínicos na década de 60, eles têm sido os fármacos mais prescritos no tratamento da ansiedade, porém seus efeitos colaterais são proeminentes, tais como sedação, miorelaxamento, ataxia, amnésia e dependência farmacológica. Sendo assim, novas terapias são necessárias no tratamento dos transtornos de ansiedade e o estudo com plantas medicinais pode prover novas opções terapêuticas. A Spiranthera odoratissima A. St. Hillaire (Rutaceae), popularmente conhecida como manacá, é um arbusto encontrado em região de Cerrado utilizado na medicina popular para tratar doenças renais, hepáticas, dores de estômago e cabeça, e reumatismo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as atividades farmacológicas do óleo essencial extraído das folhas de S. odoratissima (OEM) no sistema nervoso central, em camundongos, direcionando para o estudo do efeito tipo ansiolítico e possíveis mecanismos envolvidos. O OEM aumentou o número de cruzamentos e o tempo de permanência no centro do campo aberto sem alterar o número total de áreas cruzadas neste teste e o desempenho no teste da barra giratória. No teste do sono induzido por pentobarbital, o OEM reduziu a latência e aumentou o tempo de sono. Nos modelos experimentais de ansiedade, o OEM aumentou o número de comportamentos de mergulhos no teste da placa perfurada, as entradas e o tempo de permanência nos braços abertos no labirinto em cruz elevado (LCE). Além de aumentar também o número de transições e o tempo de permanência no compartimento claro no teste da caixa claro/escuro (CCE). Foi investigado o mecanismo de ação deste efeito tipo ansiolítico através do pré-tratamento com um antagonista benzodiazepínico (flumazenil) ou um antagonista de receptor 5- HT1A (NAN-190) nos testes de LCE e CCE. O efeito tipo ansiolítico do OEM foi antagonizado apenas pelo pré-tratamento com o NAN-190. Em conclusão, estes resultados sugerem que o óleo essencial de S. odoratissima possui efeito tipo ansiolítico sem alterar os parâmetros locomotores, sendo esse efeito mediado via receptor 5HT1A, mas não via sítio benzodiazepínico do receptor GABAA.Item Estudos dos mecanismos envolvidos nos efeitos analgésico e anti-inflamatório de dois candidatos a protótipos de fármacos - LQFM 002 e 015(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-03-31) Lino, Roberta Campos; Costa, Elson Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2607893423583912The anti-inflammatory drugs available in the market, anti-inflammatory non steroidal and steroidal, are widely used, are effective but are still far from being ideal drugs because they have several side effects (eg. gastrointestinal, renal, etc.). In this paper, two new molecules synthesized by the Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry Pharmaceutical-UFG LQFM-015 and LQFM-002, are evaluated for their ability antiinflammatory and antinociceptive. Previous studies have shown inhibitory activity on phospholipase A2 of LQFM-015 and LQFM-002. LQFM-015 was synthesized from the metabolite 4-nerolidylcathecol, which also inhibits the enzyme phospholipase A2 (PLA2). In this study, treatment with LQFM-015 (100, 200 and 400 μmol/kg, p.o.) reduced the writhings numbers, but without alters the parameters of open field, rotarod and in the barbituric-induced sleep test. The antinociceptive action was confirmed in the second phase (inflammatory pain) on formalin-induced pain test, whereas the three doses (100, 200 and 400 μmol/kg, p.o.) reduced the time used for reactivity to pain. Treatment with LQFM-015 (100, 200 and 400 μmol/kg, p.o) also reduced edema in rat paw edema model in mice. This anti-inflammatory activity was confirmed by the decreased the cell migration (26%) and the activity of the enzyme myeloperoxidase (56%) with LQFM-015 (155 μmol/kg, p.o.) in the pleurisy model in mice. LQFM-002 is a derivative of pyrazole that in previous studies was capable of reducing PLA2 activity in vitro, reducing cell migration and the concentration of Evans blue in pleural exudate. In this study we evaluated the anti-inflammatory and/or the antinociceptive activity LQFM-002 in vivo. In the model of pain induced by acetic acid treatment (LQFM-002 200 μmol/kg, p.o.) reduced the number of writhing and pain reactivity in the test of pain induced by formalin in the first and second phase. Treatments with LQFM-002 (400 and 800 μmol/kg, p.o.) increased the pain latency in hot plate, also showed changes in the parameters of open field suggestive of an anxiolytic action. In the barbituric-induced sleep LQFM-002 800 μmol/kg, p.o., increased the sleep time is in agreement with an anxiolytic action seen in the open field, but without alters the parameters rota-rod test. Treatment with LQFM-002 reduced the concentration of TNF-α by approximately 25% when compared with vehicle group. The antiinflammatory action of this molecule may be due to reduction of TNF-α. In conclusion LQFM-015 showed anti-inflammatory action that may be related to the reduction of myeloperoxidase activity and LQFM-002 had an anti-inflammatory action possibly due decreased in the levels of TNF-α and analgesic activity involving central mechanisms.Item Efeito tipo-antidepressivo do derivado piperazínico 2,6-di-terc-butil-4-((4-(2-hidroxietil)piperazina-1-il)metil)fenol (LQFM212) e possíveis mecanismos de ação envolvidos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-02-27) Moreira, Lorrane Kelle da Silva; Costa, Elson Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2607893423583912; Costa, Elson Alves; Fajemiroye, James Oluwagbamigbe; Ghedini, Paulo César; Rocha, Fábio Fagundes da; Carvalho, Pablinny Moreira Galdino deDepressive disorders affect individuals worldwide and may also be associated with other mental disorders such as anxiety disorders. Despite advances to improve understanding of the neurobiology of depressive disorders, no single established mechanism per se can explain all facets of these disorders and the available drugs often show therapeutic delay for clinical effectiveness. A plethora of results show the effects of piperazine derivatives on the central nervous system and are indicators of its therapeutic potential for treating mental disorders. Previously, it was shown that the piperazine derivative 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-((4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl)methyl)phenol (LQFM212) has anxiolytic-like activity which involves serotonergic pathway, nicotinic receptors and BZD-site of GABAA receptor, without cognitive impairments. In this regard, since the same compound can have anxiolytic as well as antidepressant effects, the aim of this research was to evaluate the possible antidepressant-like activity of the compound LQFM212. Swiss albino male mice orally treated with LQFM212 (54 μmol/kg) showed behavioral effects related to antidepressant-like activity, in the forced swimming test (FST), after treatment with a single dose or with repeated doses for 15 consecutive days. Pretreatment with WAY-100635 (0.7 μmol/kg), p-chlorophenylalanine (500 μmol/kg), prazosin (2.6 μmol/kg), SCH-23390 (15 μg/kg), sulpiride (146 μmol/kg) ou α-methyl-p-tyrosine (512 μmol/kg) reversed the antidepressant-like effect of LQFM212 in the FST. Furthermore, repeated treatment with LQFM212 increased hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. Regarding the monitoring of body weight and the evaluation of possible biochemical changes the treatment with repeated doses with LQFM212 (54 μmol/kg) did not change: animals' body weight, liver glutathione (GSH) levels, and serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea and creatinine. A possible action of the compound LQFM212 on inflammatory parameters, in mice, was evaluated by systemic inflammation by the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation model and by local inflammation by the carrageenan- or LPS-induced pleurisy model. In the LPS-induced neuroinflammation model, oral treatment with LQFM212 (54 μmol/kg) reversed the anxiety-like and depression-like behaviors, in the open field, forced swimming and tail suspension tests, the increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) and the decrease of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10), into animals’ serum, caused by intraperitoneal administration of LPS (1 mg/kg). In this same model, treatment with LQFM212 (54 μmol/kg) also attenuated oxidative stress-related changes, demonstrated by reduced nitrite levels and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and increased glutathione levels in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, and also reduced cholinesterase activity in the whole brain, of animals that received intraperitoneal administration of LPS (1 mg/kg). On the other hand, oral treatment with LQFM212 (54 μmol/kg) failed to reduce the increase in cell migration and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) in pleural exudate caused by intrapleural administration of 1% carrageenan or LPS (250 ng/mL) in the pleurisy model. In addition to the reduction in MPO activity seen in the LPS-induced neuroinflammation model, treatment with LQFM212 (54 μmol/kg) also reduced the activity of this enzyme in the pleural exudate of animals subjected to the carrageenan- or LPS-induced pleurisy model. Taken together, the results showed that treatment with LQFM212 promotes behavioral changes suggestive of antidepressant-like activity in mice, which probably involve the monoaminergic pathways, in addition to increased hippocampal levels of BDNF, suggesting changes in synaptic neuroplasticity possibly as a mechanism underlying the antidepressant-like effect of the compound. The effects found in the LPS-induced neuroinflammation model did not seem to be secondary to a peripheral anti-inflammatory action of LQFM212, since this compound failed to reduce the changes caused by carrageenan or LPS in the pleurisy model. On the other hand, treatment with LQFM212 reduced MPO enzyme activity in pleural exudate, prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus, and increased per se GSH levels in both brain regions mentioned above, thus suggesting a possible antioxidant activity in vivo that may contribute to the effects observed in the neuroinflammation and pleurisy model.Item Atividade analgésica, anti-inflamatóriae vasorelaxante de dois derivados pirazólicos: 5-[1-(4- fluorfenil)-1H-pirazol-4-IL]-2H-tetrazola(LQFM 020) e 5- [1-(2-fluorofenil)-1H-pirazol-4-IL]-2H-tetrazola (LQFM 039)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-10-31) Oliveira, Lanussy Porfiro de; Costa, Elson Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2607893423583912Inflammation is a complex process that aims to protect the body eliminating the harmful agent and to promote tissue repair is characterized by classic signs: pain, heat, redness and swelling as a result of failure to resolve the inflammatory process may occur loss of function. Control of pain and inflammation leads to the search for new drugs both analgesic and antiinflammatory drugs with good efficacy to aid in the treatment of these deseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pharmacological effects of two pyrazole derivatives. In acute nociception tests LQFM 020 (9, 17.5 and 35 mg/kg) and LQFM 039 (17.5, 35 and 70 mg/kg) reduced the number of writhing dose dependent manner to 53, 48 and 35; and 57, 52, 42, respectively, while the control group the number of writhes was 88. In the formalin test this antinociceptive effect was confirmed by the reduction in time reactivity to pain in both test phases, the time in the control group was 78 and 72s in the first phase and 150 and 128s in the second phase, with LQFM for 020 and 039 LQFM in the first phase was to reduce 50 and 47s and the second phase to 97 and 74s respectively. In bending the tail the groups of mice treated with LQFM 020 and LQFM 039 test were not able to increase the latency to thermal stimulus demonstrated that the analgesic effect does not involve central mechanisms. Furthermore, the results of the enzymatic activity of cyclooxygenase (COX) and phospholipase (PLA2) in vitro tests indicated no part of the mechanism of action involved in the activity of these compounds. In vascular reactivity tests LQFM 020 promoted vasorelaxant effect presenting maximum effect (Emax) of 93% in aortic preparations with endothelium and maximum effect (Emax) of 91% without endothelium . LQFM 039 also promoted vasorelaxant effect with maximum effect (Emax) of 80% when tested in preparations with endothelium and maximum effect (Emax) of 76% without endothelium, given this result, we investigated the mechanism of action of these compounds. Our results showed that LQFM 020 and LQFM 039 demonstrated the involvement of NO/cGMP pathway and suggest also the involvement of sensitive Ca2+ channels in the plasma membrane voltage.Item Atividade anti-inflamatória e antinociceptiva de 4-((1-fenil-1h-pirazol-4-il) metil) piperazina-1-carboxilato: um novo derivado piperazínico(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-02-25) Silva, Daiany Priscilla Bueno da; Costa, Elson Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2607893423583912; Costa, Elson Alves; Vanderlinde, Frederico Argollo; Menegatti, RicardoThe piperazines derivatives are an important class of chemical compounds with a broad spectrum of biological activities such as anti-infectious activity, anti-carcinogenic, anti-nociceptive, anti-hypertensive, anxiolytic and vasorelaxant and are attractive candidates for development of new analgesics and anti-inflammatories drugs. The aim of this study was evaluate the effects of piperazine compound LQFM-008 (4-[(1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) methyl]1-piperazine carboxylic acid ethyl ester) in acute tests of nociception and inflammation and characterize that the mechanisms are involved in the antinociceptive effect. For this study were used male mice weighing between 25 and 35g. In the formalin test, the treatments with LQFM-008 at doses of 48 and 96 μmol/kg (p.o.) reduced the licking time at both neurogenic and inflammatory phases of this test. The anti-inflammatory activity was confirmed, since LQFM-008 at doses of 48 and 96 μmol/kg (p.o.) reduced the formation of paw edema induced by carrageenan at all hours of the test and LQFM-008 in pleurisy test at dose of 96 μmol/kg (p.o.) also reduced leukocyte migration and protein exudation. In the tail-flick and the hot plate tests, the treatment with LQFM-008 at doses of 48 and 96 μmol/kg (p.o.) increased the latency to thermal stimulus, suggesting the involvement of central mechanisms in the antinociceptive effect LQFM-008. The pre-treatment of animals with naloxone (7.5 μmol/kg s.c.) reversed the antinociceptive effect of LQFM-008 only in the first phase of the formalin test, however, the pre-treatment with NAN-190 (1.3 μmol/kg i.p.) and PCPA (500 μmol/kg i.p.) reversed the antinociceptive effect of LQFM-008 in both phases of the test. Thus, the piperazine derivative LQFM-008 exhibit antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities in acute test and the antinociceptive effect is resulting from a central action with involvement of opioid receptors and the serotonin pathway.Item Efeito da alantoína sobre a úlcera gástrica: estudo do mecanismo gastroprotetor(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-02-01) Silva, Dayane Moreira da; Costa, Elson Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2607893423583912; Costa, Elson Alves; Carvalho, João Ernesto de; Paula, Joelma Abadia Marciano de; Biancardi, Manoel Francisco; Santos, Fernanda Cristina Alcântara dosGastric ulcer affects people worldwide and the recurrence have fueled for new therapeutic strategies. Despite the well-known use of allantoin in cosmetic products, it effect has never been studied in gastric ulcer. In this way, the presente work aimed explore the pharmacological pathways associated with the allantoin efficacy against commonly harmful agents that cause injuries to the stomach. The gastroprotective activity of this compound was evaluate in diferent experimental models induced by ethanol, ethanol acidity and pylorus ligature. All the experimental protocols were approved by CEUA/UFG, protocol n. 064/15. Female albino Swiss mice (30-35g) were used in the experiments. They were maintained at 23 2C and 12 h light/dark cycle, with free access to food and water. Animals were fasted 16 h before the experimental sessions with free access to glucose water (5%). The stomach of mice were used to quantification of reduced gluthatione (GSH), gastric vascular permeability, pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF- e IL-1), gastric mucus, PGE2 levels and the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. The gastric lesions were examined macroscopically and histopatological analysis in light microscopy and eletronic microscopic transmission were carried out. The results showed that allantoin at dose of 60 mg/kg (p.o.) decreased the formation of gastric lesion in all the experimental models and the intraduodenal treatment revealed the antisecretory action. The treatment with allantoin preserved the GSH levels and decreased the gastric vascular permeability, MPO activity and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels. The treatment with allantoin preserved the gastric adhered mucus as well as the PGE2 levels. Microscopic and ultrastructural analysis revealed that allantoin maintained tissue integrity and prevented morphological changes in cells caused by ethanol. Altogether, the results of present work brings evidences that allantoin possesses gastroprotective activity through anti-oxidative, antisecretory, and cytoprotective mechanisms.Item Avaliacão da atividade anti-inflamatória do composto LQFM 147, um candidato a protótipo de farmaco(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-09-10) Vasconcelos, Patricia Antônia; Costa, Elson Alves; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4788642U8; Costa, Elson Alves; Martins, José Luis Rodrigues; Menegatti, RicardoInflammation is a body protection process in response to tissue damage in order to eliminate the offending agent and promote tissue repair. It is characterized by the appearance of the classic signs such as pain, heat, redness and edema, which may occur due to loss as a result of poor resolution of the inflammatory process. The use of antiinflammatory drugs to control inflammation is widely used, but have many side effects, making necessary the search for new drugs with fewer side effects and more effective. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity and / or antinociceptive the LQFM 147 compound using acute tests of nociception and inflammation, to characterize the mechanisms involved in such effects. For this study, male mice were used, weighing between 30 and 35g. Treatment with LQFM 147 at doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg / kg V.O. reduced the number of writhes in a dose-dependent in 16.79; 32.97 and 46.04%, respectively. In the formalin test, treatment with LQFM 147 at a dose of 50 mg / kg V.O. It reduced the time of reactivity to pain testing only the inflammatory phase 43.38%. The anti-inflammatory activity was confirmed, since the treatment with LQFM 147 at a dose of 50 mg / kg V.O. reduced formation of paw edema induced by carrageenan at all hours of the test, reduced migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes 40.82% in pleurisy test. Treatment with LQFM 147 was able to reduce the activity of myeloperoxidase in 31.54% and TNF-α levels of 65.51%. To obtain the results the group treated with LQFM 147 was compared to the control group treated with vehicle 10 ml / kg v.o .. The data obtained demonstrate that LQFM 147 has anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activity involving the reduction of migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and reduction in TNF-α levels.