Mestrado em Ciência Animal (EVZ)
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Navegando Mestrado em Ciência Animal (EVZ) por Por Orientador "Cunha, Paulo Henrique Jorge da"
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Item Doença respiratória em bovinos confinados: aspectos patológicos e de desempenho produtivo(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-07-31) Cerqueira, Aline Barichello; Sant’ana, Fabiano José Ferreira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5101695721028346; Borges, Naida Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9181279951885005; Cunha, Paulo Henrique Jorge da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3363890096623194; Cunha, Paulo Henrique Jorge da; Miguel, Marina Pacheco; Borges, José Renato JunqueiraThe study consisted in two experiments at beef cattle feedlot in Goias state. The first analyzed the influence of macroscopic and histopathological changes in hot weight carcass (PCQ) of cattle. At the slaughter line, lungs were macroscopically evaluated and samples were collected for histopathological examination. Statistical analysis was performed by means of the analysis of variance and Tukey's test, with a significance level of 5%, comparing the PCQ values of the groups with lesions (CL) and without lesions (SL). Total of 2129 lungs were inspected, and 12.78% were identified with macroscopic alterations. The mainly pneumonias identified were fibrinous bronchopneumonia (4.78%), suppurative bronchopneumonia (4.04%), granulomatous pneumonia (3.68%) and interstitial pneumonia (1.47%). The PCQ values did not present significant differences (p> 0,05) between the CL and SL groups and were not influenced by macroscopic and histopathological changes. In the second article, the influence of dry (PS) and rainy (PC) periods on the macroscopic and histopathological pulmonary alterations and the average daily gain (GPD) of cattle were analyzed. At the slaughter line, the lungs were evaluated in the PS and PC periods. A macroscopic evaluation of the lungs was performed, and samples were collected for histopathological examination. Statistical analysis was performed using Tukey's test, with a significance level of 5%, to evaluate the effect of pulmonary lesions on the GPD. In order to evaluate the association of lesion frequency with the stations, a regression was performed considering a multinomial linear generalized model. Of the animals evaluated, 15.92% and 23.15% had macroscopic lung alterations in PS and PC, respectively. Among the pneumonias identified, the fibrinous bronchopneumonia (8,21%) predominated in the PS and suppurative bronchopneumonia (14,28%) in the PC. The PC had a higher frequency of macroscopic and histological lung lesions than PS. The lesions were predominantly mild to moderate and of low frequency and, therefore, did not significantly influence the GPD of confined cattle.Item Avaliação dos macrófagos espumosos hepáticos e do peso de carcaça quente de bovinos criados extensivamente no pasto de Brachiaria spp(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-09-30) Gonzaga, Bruno César Ferreira; Fioravanti, Maria Clorinda Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8772502020076257; Cunha, Paulo Henrique Jorge da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3363890096623194; Cunha, Paulo Henrique Jorge da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3363890096623194; Ferreira, Apóstolo Martins; Menezes, Liliana Borges deThe Brachiaria grass, with broad geographic distribution in Brazil, has been shown to cause photosensitization and appearance of foamy macrophages in the liver and liver and mesenteric lymph nodes of ruminants. Weight loss of 2.52% in cattle with subclinical hepatogenous photosensitization was documented and it is estimated that in one year in a single slaughterhouse more than R$ 100,000 in annual losses are caused by liver damage resulting from consumption of Brachiaria spp. The aim of this study was to corelate the extent of liver parenchyma containing foamy macrophages with hot carcass weight of cattle. Carcasses of cattle aged 20-36 months were weighed and divided into two groups: Group 1 (544.87-607.13 pounds) and Group 2 (689.42-757.24 pounds) The livers of bovines were weighed and samples of the right lobe were collected for histopathologic analysis. The areas of hepatic parenchyma containing foamy macrophages were measured using the ImageJ® program. Statistical analysis of the parameters (liver weight, hot carcass weights and affected area of liver tissue) was performed quantitatively, by calculating the mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation. These data were analyzed for normality and homogeneity of variances, through the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Bartlett tests. As the variables were homogeneous and had a normal distribution were evaluated by parametric test analysis of variance. The correlation of variables was performed by Spearman test. The significance level was set at 5% and all descriptive analyzes were performed by EXCEL program and statistical tests by the software R. Cattle grazing Brachiaria spp. presented hepatic lesions characterized by degeneration, necrosis, presence of mild inflammatory infiltrates and small area of hepatic tissue containing foamy macrophages. There was no influence of the affected area of the hepatic parenchyma containing foamy macrophages with hot carcass weight of cattle.Item Infecção experimental por Trypanosoma vivax em bovinos da raça curraleiro pé-duro(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-08-29) Mendonça, Débora Ribeiro de; Lopes, Welber Daniel Zanetti; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4480577038117234; Martins, Danieli Brolo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2159963349521553; Cunha, Paulo Henrique Jorge da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3363890096623194; Cunha, Paulo Henrique Jorge da; Moura, Maria Ivete de; Fioravanti, Maria Clorinda SoaresIn the experimental Trypanosoma vivax infection in Curraleiro Pé-Duro cattle, six healthy male cattle with a minimum age of eight to 12 months and an average body weight of 98 to 165 kg were used. The experiment was divided into three phases: adaptation (10 days), inoculation and post-inoculation (74 days) in order to evaluate physical, hematological, biochemical and parasitological parameters. The results of the physical evaluations indicated hypothermia in the initial and final phase of the evaluations and hyperthermia on the 22nd day after inoculation. There was bradycardia in the first 15 days and 45 days after inoculation, while bradypnea and hypomotility were detected throughout the evaluations. In erythrogram there was a reduction in red blood cells, hemoglobin, globular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (HCCM) and platelets characterizing a normocytic and hypochromic anemia. In the leukogram, leukopenia with neutropenia was identified. The bands, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes and monocytes did not differ because they were within the normal range. In the analysis of blood biochemistry data, changes were discrete and punctual for the following biochemical parameters: fibrinogen, total proteins, albumin, globulin, creatine kinase, glucose, creatinine, urea, total direct and indirect bilirubin. Aspartate aminotransferase activities decreased on days 18 to 60 post-inoculation and gama glutamyltransferase activities increased between days 67 and 74 post-inoculation, however, this increase was due to only two animals. Parasitaemia, diagnosed by the Woo method and quantified by the Brener method, showed to be intense in the early stage of the disease and throughout the evaluations there was a decrease in parasitaemia peaks, leading no calf to death. The cattle after experimental inoculation had mild and punctual symptoms and survived the acute phase of the disease, establishing signs of tolerance in relation to T. vivax.Item Resistência das raças bovinas nelore, curraleiro-pé-duro e pantaneiro a intoxicação experimental por palicourea marcgravii a. St. Hil.(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013-08-29) Serodio, Juliana Job; Fioravanti, Maria Clorinda Soares Fioravanti; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8772502020076257; Brasil, Percilio Passos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4728499090629654; Cunha, Paulo Henrique Jorge da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3363890096623194The study aimed to evaluate bovines from different brazilian breeds that were submitted to experimental intoxication to Palicourea marcgravii A. St. Hill. Six animals from Nelore (G1), Curraleiro Pé-Duro (G2) and Pantaneiro (G3) breeds were used in the groups. The animals were experimental intoxicated with sodium monofluoracetate acid receiving one single dose of the compound in a dosage of 0,5kg/mg that was administered orally. In order to evaluate the animals, several exams were proceeded such as clinical (rectal temperature, heart and pulmonary rate and ruminal motricity),laboratorial (glucose, alcaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyl transferase, aspartase aminitranferase, creatinine, kinase, creatine, urea, bilirubin, total protein, albumin, globulin) and also histopatological examination. The bovines from G1 showed the first clinical signs between 4h28min and 5h55min and the whole group died after. First clinical signs presented by the G2 animals were between 2h45min and 4h05min after the plant was administered culminating in death of all animals. The main clinical signs observed was inapetence, jugular was dilated, tachycardia, tachypnea, paddling movements, vocalization, hypertermia and low ruminal motricity. The hematology and ALP results showed normal parameters in their results. However, GGT, bilirubin, urea and albumin showed relevant alterations that confirmed azotemia in animals that belonged to G1 and G2. Histopatology results showed multifocal citoplasmtic macrovacuolization and nuclei presenting picnose in epithelial cells from the convoluted tubules. The lesions that were found in the bovines kidneys’ were able to prove the efficacy of the intoxication protocol. The lower indexes of death were identified in Curraleiro Pé Duro bovines showing the greater resistency when compared to Nelore and Pantaneiro breeds. The shortest time interval between the plant intake and death suggest that Pantaneiro breed is more sensitive than Nelore and Curraleiro Pé Duro breeds.Item Intoxicação experimental por nitrato/nitrito em bovinos suplementados com nitrato de cálcio encapsulado(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-02-28) Silva, Jordanna de Almeida e; Fernandes, Juliano José de Resende; Couto, Victor Resende Moreira; Cunha, Paulo Henrique Jorge da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3363890096623194; Cunha, Paulo Henrique Jorge; Borges, José Renato Junqueira; Moreira, Cecília NunesThe objective of this research was to identify clinical and laboratory findings caused by the ingestion of calcium nitrate, encapsulated or conventional in different doses in cattle. Were used five bovines, cannulated, Nelore breed, male, with an average body weight of 500 kg were maintained during the entire experimental period in individual stalls with individual troughs for food and water. The experiment consisted of 75 days divided into five periods of 15 days. In each period the first 13 days were used for adaptation of the diet (Phase 1) followed by two days of collections (Phase 2). The experimental design was a latin square and the experimental groups were divided in the following way: not containing added nitrate in the diet (G1). 1.82% calcium nitrate and ammonium decahydrate without encapsulation in dry diet supplying 15% nitrogen (G2), 3.64% calcium nitrate and ammonium decahydrate without encapsulation in dry diet supplying 30% of nitrogen (G3), 2.58% calcium nitrate and ammonium decahydrate with encapsulation in dry diet providing 15% nitrogen (G4), 5.16% calcium nitrate and ammonium decahydrate with encapsulation in the dietary dry matter providing 30% nitrogen (G5). Data were analyzed using the R software (The R Development Core Team, 2010) in which was used the Tukey test by adopting a significance level of 5%. The animals were placed in contention tie stalls to perform physical examination. Then, were obtained blood samples for hemogram, fibrinogen, plasma protein, methemoglobin, nitrate and nitrite, blood biochemical, and ruminal fluid to measure pH, count protozoa and quantification of nitrite and nitrate. Changes in the hematological and biochemical examinations were nonspecific and punctual, while the methemoglobinemia was detected all livestock. The G3 group showed severe clinical signs requiring therapeutic intervention with methylene blue, which has been providing effective reductions in the levels of nitrate, nitrite and methemoglobin. Bovines to G2 and G4 groups have had similar clinical and laboratory results, not justifying the processing of nitrate font. The dose related to the G5 was efficient in preventing toxicosis nitrate / nitrite, however new research should be carried out to prove its cost / benefit.Item Aspectos relacionados a rotina cirúrgica de um hospital veterinário universitário como potencial ao desenvolvimento de infecção hospitalar(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-07-31) Zorzin, Leila Crystina Dias; Dewulf, Nathalie de Lourdes Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1244479719591748; Andrade, Maria Auxiliadora; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9441751521255467; Cunha, Paulo Henrique Jorge da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3363890096623194; Costa, Lígia Maria Cantarino da; Silva, Luiz Antônio Franco da; Cunha, Paulo Henrique Jorge daThis study followed 30 dogs of different races, sex, band and performed 36 surgical procedures, some of which occurred simultaneously to no animal at all. The objectives sought were correlated with certain risk factors for the occurrence of nosocomial infections, to trace the microbiological profile of the animals, professionals involved in small animal surgeries and also a profile of bacterial susceptibility at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Goiás. The results were submitted to descriptive analysis to calculate the frequencies and comparison of means and standard deviation. Multivariate analysis using a dendrogram by the UPGMA method was used to evaluate the similarity of the sites regarding the presence of different microorganisms. The software R (R Core Team, 2017) was used for the statistical analysis. The most of the surgeries were classified as clean in relation to the clean-contaminated ones, the mean time of surgery was 74 minutes and an average of six people per surgery. The microbiological evaluation was obtained 272 isolates in total, which enabled the identification of 21 bacterial genera. Fifty-five percent of the bacteria identified were Gram-positive, and among these, the genera Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp as the most frequent. Among the bacteria characterized as Gram-negative (25%), the genus Pseudomonas spp. was checked in greater quantity. Isolates from animals showed a higher prevalence of Pseudomonas spp. and coagulase positive Staphylococcus. In the nostrils, hands and gloves of professionals with a higher frequency of bacteria of the genus Micrococcus spp. and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. The bacterial majority of Micrococcus spp. Was identified in the samples collaborations of the CCPA environment. The average growth rate was 6UFC/m² / h and 9UFC/m²/h on CCPA and 18UFC/m²/h and 19UFC/m/h on SI of enterobacteria and fungi respectively for both. In the evaluation of antibiotic therapy, it was observed that 93.4% of the surgeries performed adopted the administration of antimicrobials without a therapeutic scheme, and that among the drugs tested, a penicillin had the highest resistance index for the isolates. The IH in the area of Veterinary Medicine is already a worrying reality for public health. Thus, these health institutions should be concerned with the implementation of PCIH to monitor, avoid and control IH.