Mestrado em Engenharia Química (IQ)
URI Permanente para esta coleção
Navegar
Navegando Mestrado em Engenharia Química (IQ) por Por Orientador "Ostroski, Indianara Conceição"
Agora exibindo 1 - 7 de 7
Resultados por página
Opções de Ordenação
Item Otimização dos processos de adsorção e dessorção da octaetilporfirina de níquel em adsorventes à base de carbono(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-06-10) Caetano, Gabriela Costa; Ostroski, Indianara Conceição; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9689394915288313; Andrade, Laiane Alves de; Barros, Maria Angélica Simões Dornellas de; Ostroski, Indianara ConceiçãoPetroporphyrins are aromatic and nitrogenous macrocycles, of organic origin, which occur naturally in oil and also in sedimentary rocks. In addition to being important biomarker parameters, they have several applications, such as in catalysis and photodynamic therapy. However, they cause damage to the catalytic stages in oil refining. Therefore, due to the importance of removing these compounds from their original fraction, adsorption has been proposed as an alternative process to the commonly used extractive and chromatographic methods. Considering the adsorption and desorption processes of nickel octaethylporphyrin (Ni-OEP), the selection of adsorbents (activated carbon, graphite and partially oxidized graphite) and the optimization of the process operating conditions (solvent, temperature and solid/liquid ratio) were performed. In response, the variables for evaluating the adsorption, adsorption capacity (qe), and desorption, desorption percentage (%desorption) processes were maximized through qualitative and quantitative experimental designs. The kinetics, equilibrium and adsorption thermodynamics studies were carried out; and the adsorbent regeneration cycles were evaluated. As validation of the optimized conditions, qe and %desorption were obtained close to 7.12 mg.g-1 and 37.68%, respectively. As for the adsorption kinetics, the model that best fitted the experimental data was the Elovich equation, in which the equilibrium was reached between 540 and 600 min, with qe = 6.83 mg.g-1; while the equilibrium data were better adjusted by the Freundlich model. The obtained thermodynamic parameters suggest that, under the considered conditions, the adsorption process is spontaneous (ΔG0ads < 0) and exothermic (ΔH0ads < 0). An extraction process was also carried out on the bituminous shales, taken from the Irati Formation, and the presence of nickel octaethylporphyrin was found in the extract. The adsorption and desorption processes of Ni-OEP in the real system had behavior similar to those developed in the model system, with approximately 50% efficiency in petroporphyrin separation. The results obtained allowed to infer that the adsorptive mechanism can be based on the formation of acid-base and π-π interactions between the Ni-OEP molecules and the heterogeneous surface of the coconut shell activated charcoal (CAD), with characteristics of chemical and physical adsorption, respectively.Item Avaliação do uso de carvão ativado na remoção de compostos nitrogenados básicos em diferentes derivados do petróleo(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-02-28) Carvalho, Matheus Antoniel Félix de; Ostroski, Indianara Conceição; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9689394915288313; Oliveira, Sérgio Botelho de; Andrade, Laiane Alves de; Ostroski, Indianara ConceiçãoIn the reserves of heavier oils, high concentrations of nitrogenous compounds found, which, in general, cause problems for the refining process and for the environment. The removal of these compounds through an adsorptive process, later associated with the traditional hydrodesnitrogenation process, is a promising and favorable technique, especially from an economic and operational point of view. In this context, this research sought to study the denitrogenation of oil samples, through an adsorptive process in a batch system, using chemically treated acid activated carbon. Initially, the solution of indoline in toluene was used as a synthetic filler and different activated carbons were evaluated for the ability to remove the compound. From the preliminary test, the use of activated carbon from coconut shell treated with sulfuric acid (CDAS), resulted in the removal of 97.95% of the indoline present in the solution, and was selected for kinetic and equilibrium study. The adsorption kinetics revealed a relatively fast process for the different concentrations studied. The kinetic data were better adjusted to the pseudo-second order model and the balance data were better adjusted to the Freundlich model. Competitive adsorption tests were also carried out between two nitrogenous, quinoline and indoline, with greater removal amounts being observed in solutions with a higher proportion of indoline. Subsequently, the study of adsorption of basic nitrogenous compounds in a crude oil sample was carried out using the central composite planning technique and response surface methodology. The analysis of the main effects showed that the most significant in the adsorption process was the mass of adsorbent. With the optimized variables (54oC, 150 rpm and 1.104g), a removal of 30.77% of basic nitrogenous compounds in oil was obtained. With the optimal conditions, adsorption tests were performed using vacuum residue, diesel S-10 and diesel S-500, in which the removals obtained were 21.56%, 44.44% and 62.09% respectively. Finally, the analysis of mass spectrometry and thermogravimetry proved qualitatively that the adsorption of nitrogen compounds present in the samples occurred.Item Adsorção de contaminantes emergentes e o ambiente aquático: estrutura fitoplanctônica na presença de sulfametoxazol e diclofenaco(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2022-12-15) Duarte, Joyce Auxiliadora Paiva; Bortolini, Jascieli Carla; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5475113165248615; Ostroski, Indianara Conceição; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9689394915288313; Ostroski, Indianara Conceição; Vendruscolo, Francielo; Nogueira, Ina de SouzaChemical products from anthropogenic activities have been one of the main sources of groundwater contamination. They can enter the aquatic environment through domestic sewage, leaching of pesticides and inadequate disposal of chemical products. One of the processes used to remove these contaminants is adsorption, in which different adsorbent materials can be subjected to chemical treatments to improve efficiency in operation. However, environmental analyses are rarely performed with post adsorption effluents. Thus, this study investigates the adsorption process for the emerging contaminants, the anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac (DCF) and the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SMX), as well as to evaluate the effects of these drugs on the aquatic environment evaluating the phytoplankton community structure. So, the coconut shell of dendê (Elaies guineenses Jacq) activated carbon was submitted to different chemical treatments and the same were tested in batchs in the removal of DCF and SMX. Kinetic and equilibrium data were obtained for the two contaminants using the best adsorbent. This data was best fitted to Freundlich pseuso-second order models and the best adsorbent was the one treated with phosphoric acid (CDAF), resulting in 80.63% removal for diclofenac and 91.49% removal for sulfamethoxazole. A microcosm experiment was conducted with 16 sampling units, each one with 500 mL of water sample containing phytoplankton exposed to these drugs at different concentrations (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg.L-1). The experiment lasted 15 days, and samples were collected on days 0, 3, 5, 7, and 14 to evaluate the phytoplankton community, the concentrations of the drugs, and the nutrients in the samples. Using the filtered samples from the adsorption assay, representing the effluent from the adsorption process diluted to reach a concentration of 1.0 mg.L-1, plus the acclimated reservoir water containing microalgae, we performe a similar experiment as above, also lasting 15 days. It was identified 6 groups of microalgae, cyanobacteria, diatoms, green algae, myxotrophic flagellates, desmids and xanthophyceans, among them, diatoms and green algae were the most diverse and abundant groups for both experiments. In the first experiment, without containing the effluent, there were significant differences with the use of different concentrations in the samples with DCF in the cyanobacteria groups and significant differences for the desmids group containing SMX. In the post-adsorption effluent experiment, only the desmids group with DCF was significant for the use of the different adsorbents, but by ANOVA the total phytoplankton abundance was significant for the different adsorbents, while in the first experiment the time of duration/exposure to the drugs was significant. In conclusion, this study identified differences in the composition of phytoplankton groups for the two contaminants in the two experiments and in a short period there was a significant response to the interaction between microorganisms and exposure time, and between the different adsorbents used, showing a tendency to decrease the concentration of the drugs in the presence of these microorganisms. Then, the more resistant groups of algae develop more easily, the more sensitive ones decrease or stop developing.Item Adsorção de compostos nitrogenados utilizando carvão ativado(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-06-22) Ferreira, Maria Eugênia de Oliveira; Alonso, Christian Gonçalves; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4777466U2; Ostroski, Indianara Conceição; http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4751610A4; Oliveira, Sérgio Botelho de; Vaz, Boniek Gontijo; Alonso, Christian GonçalvesHeavy petroleum fractions, especially the vacuum residue, concentrate the largest amounts of nitrogen compounds. Such compounds are considered contaminants of the refining process, and interfere in the conversion steps to obtain lighter derivatives from the heavy fractions. In this study, the aim was to evaluate the removal of nitrogen compounds by adsorption process. Quinoline solution solubilized in toluene was used as a synthetic filler. Commercial activated carbons from coconut shell of babaçu and dendê in their original form and chemically modified with concentrated solutions of nitric and sulfuric acid, as well as sulfonated carbon developed from the rice husk, were evaluated for the adsorption capacity against compounds nitrogen residues present in the vacuum residue and synthetic charge. The textural characteristics of the adsorbents were also evaluated, in which it was observed that the modification with acid reduces the specific area of the activated carbons, but it promotes an increase in the removal of quinoline from the medium. From the preliminary batch adsorption test, the activated carbon from dendê treated with sulfuric acid (CDAS) was able to remove 67.08% of the quinoline present in the solution and was selected for kinetic and equilibrium study. The adsorption kinetics of quinoline were relatively fast for the three concentrations studied (500, 2000, 5000 mg L-1), reaching equilibrium after 240, 120 and 60 minutes of contact, respectively. The kinetic data for the three systems fit the pseudo-second order model better. The equilibrium data were better adjusted to the Freundlich model, revealing the physisorption character of adsorptive process. The maximum adsorption capacity obtained by Langmuir model was 56.63 mg g-1. The results show that CDAS is a promising adsorbent for the removal of quinoline in organic medium. In relation to the vacuum residue sample, batch adsorption tests were conducted in such a way to ascertain the efficiency in class N removal. The results of Mass Spectrometry, ESI (±) Orbitrap MS, showed that the adsorbents CBB and CBAN were more selective in the removal of the non-basic nitrogen compounds, while the basic nitrogenous ones were more persistent and were not removed by any of the adsorbents tested.Item Síntese de nanopartículas de óxido de ferro funcionalizadas para remoção de Pb2+(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-05-30) Matos, Hannah Larissa Siqueira; Lima, Emília Celma de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0176904550618260; Ostroski, Indianara Conceição; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9689394915288313; Ostroski, Indianara Conceição; Lima, Emília Celam de Oliveira; Martins, Paulo Roberto; Barros, Maria Angélica Simóes Dornellas deLead is a heavy metal that can be found in wastewaters of acid battery production, pigment and dye factories, petrochemical and automobile industries. It can cause serious damages to environment and human health even at trace level due to its bioaccumulation capacity. Numerous techniques are used for removal of heavy metals in wastewaters, the adsorption has been a technique of high efficiency and low cost with the use of alternative adsorbents, like nanoparticles. Iron oxide nanoparticles have low toxicity, they are biocompatible, and due to their small size, they have a huge surface area and high reactivity. In this study, colloidal suspensions of functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles with citrate were prepared using a modified coprecipitation methodology of Fe3+ and Fe2+ ions in basic medium. With the purpose of simplifying the synthesis to possible uses of nanoparticles in large scale, the colloidal suspension was obtained in one step and subsequent steps in the synthesis, such as washing and drying, were dismissed. Moreover, this synthesis does not generate waste, it has low cost, and simple application. The nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, point of zero charge, and molar ratio [Fe3+]/[Fe2+]. Colloidal suspensions were used for removal of Pb2+ in synthetic solutions. For this, studies were conducted to evaluate the influence of synthesis modifications in removal of metal ions, the pH and metal concentration effect, as well as the mechanisms of adsorption, kinetic and thermodynamics parameters. VIII It was observed that besides the adsorption process, nanoparticles were coagulated and precipitated, up tp 97% of Pb2+ removal in was obtained in high metal concentration. Thus, due to coagulation another step of separation was not necessary, which could be costly in wastewater treatment.Item Tratamento de efluente da indústria de cosméticos via reagente de Fenton e adsorção(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-04-04) Pereira, Lisiée Manzoli Gonçaves; Brito, Núbia Natália de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9075769086344855; Ostroski, Indianara Conceição; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9689394915288313; Ostroski, Indianara Conceição; Brito, Núbia Natália de; Seollato, Araceli Aparecida; Schneider, Roselene MariaThe effluent generated by the cosmetic industries, from industrial processes, tank washes and disposal of failed batches, are highly recalcitrant due to their complex chemical composition. The deposition of such liquids into water bodies must follow a series of environmental parameter values established by local and federal legislation so that they do not negatively affect the receiving environment and its ecosystems. Traditional wastewater treatment methods sometimes fail to satisfactorily remove their contaminating potential. Therefore, this work aims at integrating two treatment technologies, Fenton’s reagent and adsorption, in order to achieve maximum removal efficiency in the values of environmental and water quality control parameters. Wastewater from a cosmetics industry in the metropolitan area of Goiania (state of Goias, Brazil) was used as object of this study. The environmental parameters analyzed were: color (via absorbance analysis), total iron, organic matter (via chemical oxygem demand analysis), total phenols, pH, turbidity, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, initial and residual H2O2 and total solids. They were analyzed on the pretreated wastewater, after the Fenton’s reagent treatment, after adsorption, and after the combined processes. The adsorbent was characterized by elemental analysis (CHN), thermogravimetry (TG/DTA), adsorption and desorption of N2 and infrared spectroscopy. In the Fenton’s reagent treatment, factorial design 23 was performed for the factors: Fe2+ and H2O2 concentrations and pH, in order to outline the process parameters. From these data, other Fenton assays were performed by opening Fe2+, H2O2 and pH concentration bands to evaluate their influence on the removal of the environmental parameters mentioned above. The best results were obtained in Fe2+ 184.21 mg L-1; H2O2 concentration at 1300 mg L-1, and pH at 3.5. Subsequently, the wastewater treated via Fenton’s reagent was subjected to the adsorption process, in which seven types of activated carbon were tested. The activated charcoal which presented the best efficiency at removing environmental parameter values was submitted to kinetic tests at different temperatures and contact times. The equilibrium time was reached in 16 minutes (tested in the range of 4min to 24h), and for the different temperatures it was observed that its increase did not contribute significantly to the process efficiency (tested in the range of 20 to 60ºC). The integration of the two technologies presented the following percentages of global variation: chemical oxygem demand: -73.58%; turbidity: -97.65%; conductivity: -5.36%; dissolved oxygen: + 141.24%; total phenols: -81.77%; total iron: -69.97%; hydrogen peroxide: -97.78%; total solids: -46.37%; total fixed solids: -30.57%; total volatile solids: -46.65%; absorbance at 200 nm: -36.38%; absorbance at 400 nm: -77.37%. The pH, total iron and hydrogen peroxide parameters were controlled in the Fenton’s reagent process.Item Estudo da capacidade de adsorção do carvão ativado de osso bovino para remoção de ácidos naftênicos em mistura modelo e real de querosene de aviação(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-02-07) Santos, Débora Federici dos; Ostroski, Indianara Conceição; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9689394915288313; Alonso, Christian Gonçalves; Pereira de Sá, FernandoAviation kerosene is one of the petroleum derivatives obtained by the distillation of crude oil at temperatures ranging from 150 to 300 oC. The presence of naphthenic acids in this fuel provides thermal instability and increased acidity, which consequently increases the corrosion effect on aircraft engines. Naphthenic acid removal can be obtained by adsorption employing porous materials. Thus, the main objective of this work was to evaluate bovine bone activated charcoal (CAB) for its ability to remove n-dodecanoic acid (AD) in model and real mixture of aviation kerosene through data experimental obtained in kinetics and adsorption isotherm. In the kinetic assay, the equilibrium was reached at 180 min for model mixture and 180 min for real mixture, and the theoretical models that best fits the experimental data were pseudo-first and pseudo- second order, respectively. The results indicated a relatively fast adsorption when compared to the use of other adsorbents presented in literature, such as mesoporous sieves and modified perovskites. In the adsorption isotherm, it was found that the amount adsorbed in the equilibrium in model and real mixture was 600 and 780 mg g -1 , respectively. The model with the best fit was that of Freundlich. It was possible to recover the CAB after the adsorptive process by thermal regeneration. Finally, a comparative study was carried out, regarding the efficiency of AD removal, between the CAB and the polymer filtration system used by the fuel distribution company. CAB was the most efficient and could become a viable, inexpensive and regenerative option for use as a filter material.