Doutorado em Enfermagem e Saúde (FEN)
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Navegando Doutorado em Enfermagem e Saúde (FEN) por Por Orientador "Barbosa, Maria Alves"
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Item Violência contra o docente na prática pedagógica em saúde: uma abordagem intercultural(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-09-17) Alves, Angela Gilda; Rodriguéz Martín, Dolores Dolores; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6242953215193998; Barbosa, Maria Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5025797873585225; Barbosa, Maria Alves; Guix Comelles, Eva Maria; Pereira, Edna Regina Silva; Santos, José Luis Guedes dos; Martins, Cleusa AlvesIntroduction. Operationalizing the concept of violence, especially against higher education teachers, is difficult. In addition to the various concepts, the violence is presented in expressions of hatred, anger, revenge, acts contrary to social norms of coexistence, prejudice against those that are different, and mistreatment directed toward the teachers, which can lead to consequences and cause harm even in the pedagogical sphere. Intercultural differences enable different spaces, which represent hermeneutical, epistemological and methodological resources. All of this contributes to a dialogic process with other contexts and thoughts that range from the acquisition of information to the emergence of new theories capable of rethinking and transforming learning. Objective. To analyze violence against teachers in the Health pedagogical practice through an intercultural approach. Methodology. This was a multimethod study developed at a University in the Central Region of Brazil, in which the phenomenon of violence was analyzed from different angles, supported by literature reviews (integrative and scoping), the Delphi method, and a qualitative study with the analysis partially using the Constructivist Grounded Theory (CGT). The target population consisted of all teachers at the Faculty of Nursing of the Federal University of Goiás. Data collection took place through recorded and transcribed interviews and, with the use of the NVivo software, analysis categories were created. The analysis used a step of the Grounded Theory. Results. The theoretical contributions of the study were presented, including the concepts of violence and its relationship with the teaching practice in health education. The discussion of knowledge in Higher Education in Health considering Vygotskian theory evidenced convergent terminologies. Violence against teachers can be defined as a set of actions and situations provoked by students in an insidious or chronic way in the workplace and/or through digital media, mediated by the perception of violence, the teacher's coping mechanism and the organizational management of violence. Indicators of violence against the teacher were defined as any threat, attempt, or actual aggressive act, as well as ignoring or disrespecting the teacher through speech, engaging in sexual harassment, homophobia, receiving coercion from the student's family, as well as using information and communication technologies to perform such acts. The factors that lead teachers to suffer violence in Higher Education in Brazil are characterized by the institutional culture, gender, the perception of violence by the teacher and the triggers that lead students to practice violence. Conclusion. Violence by students against teachers deserves pedagogically important reflections. Social origin converted into inequalities triggers positions of domination and, consequently, creates a fertile ground for violence. Teachers will be able to develop actions that blossom into the construction of skills and attitudes for coping with violence, recognize it and intervening in order to prevent aggressive behavior from spreading, causing mutual illness and weakening interpersonal relationships.Item Regulação da saúde no estado do Pará: um estudo na região metropolitana de Belém(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-03-11) Bastos, Luzia Beatriz Rodrigues; Barbosa, Maria Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5025797873585225; Barbosa, Maria Alves; Duarte, Célia Scapin; Nogueira, Douglas José; Ferreira, Ilma Pastana; Vila, Vanessa da Silva CarvalhoINTRODUCTION. Regulatory structures can become determinants in the organizational process of health management, since it has the possibility of giving more effective responses to the requesting units and, above all, to the user. It would be up to the establishment of flows for the intended service not only implying optimization of expenses. Objective. To analyze the regulation of health services, in the Metropolitan Region I of the state of Pará, in view of complex and regulatory centers, recommended by the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). METHODOLOGY. An exploratory descriptive study with a mixed focus developed in the complexes and central regulators of the municipalities of Belém, Ananindeua, Marituba and Benevides, whose sample was composed of eighteen managers and seventy regulators, from September / 2017 to January 2018. It was applied the questionnaire in the first phase of the research and after that 40 semi-structured interviews were carried out. RESULTS. In the process of calculating the quantitative data it was found that the officials of the regulation, are female, with average age of 39 years; salary range of 2 minimum wages; majority of administrative assistants with effective ties. As limiting factors were found: great demand; lack of indication of priority cases and failure to refer to regulatory criteria; unavailability of beds, systemic difficulties in relation to the agreed services and the SISREG; difficult scheduling and execution procedures; increased demand for repressed elective procedures; problems in the flow of information between primary care and regulation, among others. As main potentialities in health regulation, the following stand out: increase of financial resources to health; reorganization of internal regulatory procedures; meeting the needs of users; health training for regulatory professionals, and strengthening of primary health care. CONCLUSION. The study showed that it is difficult to concentrate higher level professionals to perform the tasks of regulators of medium and high complexity procedures of SUS; there are obstacles in operationalizing the regulatory process, because the regulatory structures created coexist with insufficient resources, unconditional agreements with the reality of the municipalities of the north of the country; there is recognition of the need for a strong regulatory component by the State in guaranteeing qualified health access to the population, one of the greatest challenges being to understand the multiplicity of scenarios, subjects and interests, and to implement strategies focused on the user that needs health services.Item Análise dos registros de curativos em prontuários de um hospital de ensino do Estado de Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-06-21) Lemos, Lucimeire Fermino; Barbosa, Maria Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5025797873585225; Almeida, Alessandra Rodrigues de; Barbosa, Nelson Bezerra; Bezerra, Ana Lúcia Queiroz; Prado, Marinésia Aparecida do; Barreto, Regiane Aparecida dos Santos SoaresHealth records are important for keeping effective communication among all professionals involved in the process of taking care as well as for legitimating the team actions in the face of patients and families. The records must be clear and objective because they are sources of information for judicial, research, teaching, billing and auditing issues. This study has an objective to analyze the records of procedures of Level II Curative in medical records of hospitalized patients, from the nurses’ perspective, before and after the pedagogical intervention, in a Brazilian teaching hospital in the Midwest region. It was a descriptive study with both qualitative and quantitative research and was developed in many stages. The first stage included the nurses’ profiles and the identification of the main reasons why the nursing actions were not recorded. The second stage was the analysis of the records before and after the pedagogical action, which was the third stage. At last, the nurses were interviewed about their perception of the importance of the records for billing. It was observed among the sample of nurses the predominance of women (87,2%), post-graduated (82,1%) and statuary civil servants (80,4%). Even though 53,6% of the nurses said that they do not have double employment relationships, 46,4% said they do. The nurses said that it was not possible to record the procedures due to lack of time (50%), work overload (20%), lack of human resources and access to the records (12,5%), interruptions and lack of guidance (2,5%). The objective of the intervention was to discuss the importance of health records, and specially, in relation to the level II curative. 45,2% of the nurses of this institution took part in this event. In the analysis of the records, before and after the intervention, it was possible to observe the increase of the records of the curatives (82,3%), the detailing of the quantity of curatives per patient (69,9%), the classification of the wounds (63,5%), the description of the materials used in the procedures (67,3%), and also the scheduling (74%) and the checking (71,4%). The data shows that the quantity of material used maintained still. However, there was a rise of curative prescription by the nurses (79,4%) and a fall of curative prescription by the doctors (18,3%). It was also possible to observe that the performed and not prescribed procedures or prescribed and not verified procedures, in both cases, were not billed. Nevertheless, the hospital overturn related to this procedure has an increase, from July 2015. The interviews with the nurses showed that they take the responsibility in the treatment of wounds for themselves. However, it is necessary to standardize the prescriptions and the evolutions of the procedure. The complete record of this intervention is important to safeguard the institution in case of auditing. In conclusion, nurses have an important role in recording the wound treatment. The obligation of recording should be reinforced due to the quality of the service and the profession´s visibility as well as for a better material and input control and billing.Item A essência do cuidado à criança com asma(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-07-02) Siqueira, Karina Machado; Barbosa, Maria Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5025797873585225; Barbosa, Maria Alves; Teixeira, M. F.; Castral, Thaíla Corrêa; Salge, Ana Karina Marques; Andraus, L. M. S.Among the chronic diseases that affect children's health, asthma deserves special mention because of its high prevalence and the impact it can have on a child's life. Given its complexity, the care of children with asthma should be shared between the family and a team of health professionals trained for this purpose. This study aimed to unveil facets of the essence of this care, according to the perceptions and experiences of children and their families. For value conscious experience of people, the phenomenology was chosen as theoretical and methodological referential. Through this approach, was possible to shed light to what is essential in the care of these children and advance in the elucidation of this phenomenon, from its intentional structure. The care was taken as the centerpiece of discussions and, accordingly, became appropriate appeal to think of Martin Heidegger, in order to enlarge the possibilities of understanding and discuss some issues that converge to the phenomenology of care. Participated in the survey five families of children with moderate or severe asthma, aged between seven and ten years, attending in a outpatient clinic specializing in childhood asthma, located in Goiânia-GO. Data collection occurred during home visits between September 2013 and January 2014. Initially were elaborated genograms and ecomaps representing families and, then, were made interviews with children and family, mentioned as participants in care. Descriptions expressed were analyzed according to the Method of Qualitative Analysis of Situated Phenomenon. The invariant structure of the phenomenon directed to three major themes: Being with a child with asthma; The family care to children with asthma; Be children with asthma: particularities and restrictions. Data analysis aggregated relevant aspects for the understanding of the essence of the care of children with asthma and were presented in the form of articles. The joint construction of genograms and ecomaps favored the approximation with families and facilitated the conduct of interviews according to the phenomenological method. The results enabled us to understand that the established relationships with the child, the members of the family unit, health services and religious institutions stood out as sources of support for care. The school was presented as a space of relevance, which found support, but also experienced situations of embarrassment and exclusion. Family members described their anxieties, fears and difficulties, especially during asthma attacks. Highlighted particularities and restrictions in the lives of children and in family environment, and described attitudes of protection. Emerged the difficulty of children in dealing with some fears, frustrations and constraints related to the disease and treatment, but also became clear their strengths and their families’ strengths to take care of more autonomous and effectively way. The study revealed that knowledge about the experiences of families provides important information for health professionals that work within the context of childhood asthma and may contribute to better understanding of the proposed interventions, promoting new strategies of attention.