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Item Bicarbonato de sódio e leveduras como aditivos de dietas para vacas leiteras mestiças(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008-08-01) CARVALHO, Eduardo Rodrigues de; FERNANDES, Juliano José de Resende; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7949776443064259Item Interação de hemoparasitos e hemoparasitoses em casos clínicos de trombocitopenia em cães no município de Goiânia(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-02-25) COSTA, Hérika Xavier da; DAMASCENO, Adilson Donizeti; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3900110295277130; JAYME, Valéria de Sá; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0603234425928309; LINHARES, Guido Fontgalland Coelho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6261928164195145The most important hemoparasites in dogs clinic are often associated with the manifestation of thrombocytopenia, being characterized by a lowering in platelet numbers. The aim of the current study was to verify the involvement of hemoparasites in finding thrombocytopenia in dogs from the city of Goiânia treated at the Veterinary Hospital of Federal University of Goiás (HV/EV/UFG). For this study, 300 animals were selected and divided into two groups:one group with 150 animals with thrombocytopenia (< 200.000 platelets/mm3)and another one with 150 non-thrombocytopenic animals (≥ 200.000 platelets/mm3). Blood samples with EDTA were collected in the two groups for total DNA extraction. All DNA eluates were tested by PCR for specific detection of Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma canis,Hepatozoon canis, Mycoplasma haemocanis, Babesia canis vogeli, Babesia gibsoni and Theileria equi. The frequency of positive samples within the group of thrombocytopenic animals was 71.3% (107/150) to E. canis, 8.7% (13/150) for A. platys, 9.3% for B. c. vogeli (14/150), 2.0% (3/150) for H. canis and 3.3% (5/150)for M. haemocanis.In the group of non-thrombocytopenic animals the frequency of positives was 14% (21/150) for E. canis, 3.3% (5/150) for A. platys, 0.7% (1/150) for B. c. Vogeli, 4.0% (6/150) for H. canis and 1.3% (2/150) for M.haemocanis. Babesia gibsoni and Theileria equi were not detected using PCR assays.Statisti cally significant associations between thrombocytopenia and infections by hemoparasites were only observed for E. canis (P <0.05) and B. c.vogeli (P <0.05). The most frequently hemoparasitosis was Canine Monocitic Erliquiosis, which occurred in 71,33% (107/150) within thrombocytopenic dogs group and in 14% (21/150) within non-thrombocytopenic dogs group. There was a relationship between the thrombocytopenia degree observed and the infection by E. canis. Values of severe thrombocytopenia (<50.000 platelets/mm3 blood) can be considered an indicator for infection of E. canis.Item Análise da situação da inseminação artificial bovina no estado de Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-08-05) GORDO, João Maurício Lucas; FIORAVANTI, Maria Clorinda Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8772502020076257; SERENO, José Robson Bezerra; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0848686465662209This study aimed to diagnose the situation and use of artificial insemination (AI) and fixed-time artificial insemination in Goiás State, Brazil. A literature review was carried out and economic costs related to herd conception in natural mating systems, AI and TAI were calculated. Subsequently, an approach to cattle farmer´s profile, farm characterization and speech analysis was fulfilled in order to better understand biodemographic characteristics and to obtain cattle breeder´s discourse concerning AI technology. Using semi-structured questionnaires 71 interviews were accomplished to dairy and beef cattle farmers from different municipalities of Goiás State during AI training courses in 2010 and 2011. The interviews pointed out that 92% were male farmers and 29.6% had 31 to 41 years old. Schooling stage varied and 34% declared to have finished the last grade, 15.5% had primary grade complete and 14% had yet not finished primary education. 46.5% had between 9 and 20 years of cattle production experience, 25.5% more than 20 years and 28% had up to 8 years of experience. 53.5% already used AI or TAI before the training courses. Considering farmers that previously used any biotechnique, exclusive use of AI is more frequent (68,5%)than the association of both biotechniques (18.5%), and more frequent than the exclusive use of TAI (13%). 46.5% raised between 31 and 90 heifers and cows and 27% raised up to 30. Speech analysis revealed that personal motivation is a major topic involving the IA adoption process, which is related to the benefits of the biotechnique and the phenotype of the animals rather than economic factors. Prerequisites necessary for adoption is the second factor, mainly related to labor force, infrastructure and cattle handling, followed by social motivation topics, mainly associated to institutes and people related to IA and the everyday life of cattle farmers. Note: Thesis in four chapters with summary and abstract. Was cited only the summary / abstract of the first chapterItem Diagnóstico sorológico e avaliação da ocorrência da transmissão vertical de Neospora caninum nos rebanhos bovinos Curraleiro e Pantaneiro(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-02-24) GUIMARÃES, Marcelo Sales; GOMES, Abraao Garcia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5260684104592989; MELO, Débora Pereira Garcia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8353455037642092; SILVA, Andrea Caetano da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1432918585717355Bovine neosporosis is a parasitic disease of cosmopolitan distribution, caused by the obligatory intracellular cyst forming protozoan Neospora caninum (Phylum Apicomplexa, family Sarcocystidae). It has a strong association with bovine abortion, being N. caninum protozoan considered the most important for this species. The main route of transmission is vertical, determining the endemic-type neosporosis in cattle. Brazilian local breeds as Curraleiro and Pantaneiro present hardiness and resistance to adverse conditions, e.g. poor nutrition and microbiological challenges, as predominant characteristics. The conservation program of such breeds has encouraged studies aiming at a greater knowledge of these animals peculiarities. The purpose of this study was to assess the seroprevalence of these breeds for N. caninum and the occurrence of vertical transmission in herds, evaluating the importance of bovine neosporosis for these herds. Five farms in the state of Goiás and one in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, with Curraleiro and Pantaneiro herds, respectively, were observed. Blood was collected from females at reproductive age and their offspring before colostrum intake, if possible. If it was not possible, blood was periodically collected from the offspring (five collections) until about ten months of age. A total of 358 animals was examined, 249 (198 females and 51 calves) Curraleiros and 109 (62 females and 47 calves) Pantaneiros. Seropositivity to N. caninum was evaluated by using the indirect immunofluorescence (cutoff ≥ 1:200) and ELISA (HerdChek® IDEXX Laboratories) (cutoff S/P ≥ 0.50). The total incidence of seropositives was 47,49% (170/358), 51% (127/249) Curraleiro and 39,45% (43/109) Pantaneiro. One hundred percent of the farms observed presented seropositive animals. The highest titer was 1:25600. The overall vertical transmission rate observed in herds was 51% (95%, CI 37%-64%), being 48% (95%, CI 30%-66%) in Curraleiro and 54% (95%, CI 35%-73%) in Pantaneiro. There was no statistically significant association between breed or titer of the cows and the occurrence of vertical transmission (OR 0,79; CI 0,27-2,34 95%). A low-moderate agreement was found between the two diagnostic techniques used (κ = 0.34). Thus, N. caninum is present in Curraleiro and Pantaneiro cattle breeds, with significant rates of seropositivity and vertical transmission. Although widely distributed, N. caninum does not seem to cause problems in Curraleiro and Pantaneiro herds, as abortion problems are rare and females have good fertility, within the constraints of the breed.Item Prevalência de anticorpos anti-Leptospira spp. e aspectos epidemiológicos da infecção em bovinos do estado de Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008-07-11) MARQUES, Alberto Elias; FIORAVANTI, Maria Clorinda Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8772502020076257; JAYME, Valéria de Sá; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0603234425928309The state of Goias has the third largest cattle herd in Brazil, but the production has some obstacles, such as reproductive diseases, which cause abortions and infertility, including leptospirosis, also important in public health. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of antibodies against Leptospira spp., determine their regional distribution and evaluate the main risk factors for the disease in cattle in the State of Goias. The study was conducted using the 4571 samples taken from 715 properties of 213 of the 246 municipalities in the state of Goiás The samples were analysed by the microagglutination test. To determine the correlation between the prevalence and associated factors, the test of Logistic Regression was used through the software SPSS. The percentage of positive samples for at least one of the16 serovars tested was 62.2%, with major prevalence of co-agglutination (40.24%), followed by serovars wolffi (14.53%), hardjo (12.70 %), grippotyphosa (10.55%) and shermani (6.55%). The prevalence of antibodies against Leptospira spp. proved to be associated to the following factors: stratum of production, with a greater prevalence in stractum one, predominantly for meat production; practice of artificial insemination; cattle breed; presence of sheep and goats; presence of capybaras; purchase of cattle in breeding exhibitions and from other properties; rent of pastures in any time of year; presence of maternity paddock and occurrence of abortions. On the other hand, it was not found correlation with the following factors: type of exploitation and creation charged in the property; kind of milking; presence of horses, pigs, dogs, cats, deer and other wild animals; presence of other animals; purchase of animal at fairs and/or auctions; selling of cattle in exhibitions, in fairs and/or auctions, from traders or from other properties; presence of pastures in common with other properties, veterinary care and vaccination against brucellosis, IBR and BVD. It was concluded that leptospiral infection is endemic in Goias.Item Células mononucleares autólogas de medula óssea na regeneração do nervo tibial em coelhos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-02-28) ORLANDO, Camila França de Paula; SILVA, Luiz Antônio Franco da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0446055905975647; DAMASCENO, Adilson Donizeti; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3900110295277130The regeneration of peripheral nerves after injury has been target in researches for new technologies that lead to good results, so as to get completely restoration of nerve function. For such, many techniques have been developed using synthetic materials associated to exogenous factors that enhance the regeneration process, as mononuclear cells of bone marrow. Thus, the development of this study aimed to evaluate the peripheral nerve regeneration capacity after surgical induction of an acute lesion on tibial nerve in New Zealand rabbits, with the association of tubulization technique to the inoculation of mononuclear cells collected from autologous bone marrow. First chapter showed a detailed literature review about nerve injuries, mechanisms of regeneration and main surgical techniques for nerve repair. Moreover, it described about cell therapy, especially mononuclear cells for peripheral nerve regeneration. Mononuclear cells were removed from the bone marrow through punction of the humeral tubercule and were purified to be inoculated at the site of injury. In Chapter two, the rabbits were clinically evaluated, after 60 days, about the functional recovery after surgical neurectomy. For that, twenty four New Zealand rabbits were allocated in two groups with twelve animals each, designated mononuclear cell group (MCG) and saline solution group (SSG). In both groups, the rabbits were submitted to tibial nerve section and reparation through the tubulization technique, using silicone hollow tube. Later, mononuclear cells and saline solution were put within the tube in MCG and GSS, respectively. The gait evaluation was performed and also planimetry of the footprint of the pelvic member, which was printed on paper with water-based ink applied to the foot surface before (M0) and after 7 (M7), 15 (M15), 30 (M30), 45 (M45) and 60 (M60) days after the surgical procedure.The results showed that there was not functional recovery of the tibial nerve in both groups, without difference between them, at different times and at the moments between groups, except when they were compared with M0. In chapter three, the aim of the study was to verify histologically if the mononuclear cells of the bone marrow, associated with the tubulization technique, helped in regeneration of the tibial nerve of rabbits. After 60 days of surgery of surgery, the animals were euthanised and samples of the nerves were collected and fixed in 10% buffered formalin solution and Karnovisky solution, for the analysis by optical microscopy and electron microscopy. In optical microscopy the presence and intensity of inflammatory infiltration, hemosiderin granules, granulomas, blood vessels, cell density and collagen were evaluated. The electron microscopy performed descriptive analysis of the nucleus of Schwann cells and the conformation of myelin sheath. Furthermore, morphometric analysis of the cellular elements was performed using the program Image J. Results suggested that the mononuclear cells of the autologous bone marrow did not lead to benefits for the regeneration of the tibial nerve in rabbits. NOTE: Essay 4 chapters. Presented summary of the 1st chapterItem Controle de Salmonella Typhimurium em frangos de corte uti- lizando composto com ácido benzóico, fumárico e 2-hidróxi-me- tiltio-butanóico(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008-07-24) ROCHA, Tatiane Martins; ANDRADE, Maria Auxiliadora; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9441751521255467