Mestrado em Engenharia Mecânica (EMC)
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Navegando Mestrado em Engenharia Mecânica (EMC) por Por Programa "Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica"
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Item Modelagem e implementação de uma planta didática de manufatura robótica inspirada em planejamento automático(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-06-30) Alves, Weslley da Silva; Fonseca, João Paulo da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5217261758266411; Fonseca, João Paulo da Silva; Tavares, José Jean Paul Zanlucchi de Souza; Soares, Anderson da SilvaCurrent manufacturing systems have been undergoing significant technological advancements, particularly in the field of production planning and automation. The Fourth Industrial Revolution, or Industry 4.0, has already begun to enable technological innovations across various domains, especially in the manufacturing and services industries. There has been a noticeable surge in research on artificial intelligence techniques involving manufacturers seeking efficiency and speed. To achieve 'intelligent' behavior, it is inevitable to implement techniques for automated problem-solving, enabling some decision-making by the equipment and devices themselves. Automated planning, also known as 'automated planning' or 'AI Planning' in English, defines a specific type of state transition problem in which the goal is to find an admissible sequence of actions to bring the system from a certain initial state to a desired final state. The use of automated planning applied to manufacturing processes is gaining prominence in the academic sphere due to the potential to expand the use of techniques in real-world applications in modern industry. This work aims to primarily analyze data from the integration of automated planning solutions into real systems and describe a practical example based on a didactic plant that simulates a production line in a factory composed of individual cells. For the project's implementation, a programmable logic controller (PLC) was used as a model of real systems used in industrial automation, and the assembly and description steps of each station are presented. The language used for modeling the planning domain was the 'Planning Domain Definition Language' (PDDL), through the online platform 'PDDL Editor,' which is part of a set of online tools for AI Planning called 'Planning.Domains.' The modeling was distributed across five stations to facilitate solving the proposed problem for each station, thus generating five solution plans, one for each station. The results achieved from the domain modeling method in manufacturing using an online automated planning tool included the generation of solution plans for the proposed scenarios and practical implementation on the didactic bench using the 'Sequential Function Chart' (SFC) programming language. The proposed approach was compared with the classical approach, which concentrated programming logic on the PLC and used the Ladder programming language, highlighting the potential of using automated planning for Industry 4.0-related topics.Item Análise termo fluidodinâmica de ambientes com ar-condicionado usando o código livre OpenFOAM(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-08-28) Beghelli, Júlio Modesto; Moreira, Leonardo de Queiroz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4443143323495371; Mariano, Felipe Pamplona; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4538460201961283; Mariano, Felipe Pamplona; Moreira, Leonardo de Queiroz; Silveira Neto, Aristeu da; Santos, Dyrney Araújo dosVentilation, cooling and heating systems have become indispensable for occupied environments that demand thermal comfort. Thermal comfort has a direct impact on productivity, well-being, health and also on energy consumption, given that by reaching the ideal room temperature, the air conditioning reduces the compressor’s operating time. Computational Fluid Dynamics is an important tool for the study of fluid flows, because with its use it is possible to evaluate the behavior of a given fluid applied under conditions established by the user. At first, in the present research, a thermal comfort study is carried out, using the OpenFOAM software, under conditions similar to those of a reference article, in order to compare the results and validate the OpenFOAM algorithm. In the reference article, a proprietary software which requires the acquisition of a license was used, while OpenFOAM is a open source software. Therefore, this study opens opportunities for analysis of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems with the use of an accessible program, allowing the optimization of the climatization of a place. Next, the optimization of ventilation systems is evaluated through a factorial design that changes the air inlet and outlet positions, in addition to the insufflation speed. It is observed that the superior positions provided the best thermal comfort results, according to the Air Diffusion Performance Index (ADPI). Finally, the behavior of a air conditioner split Hi Wall type, based on ADPI, is investigated. The results provide information that ,for environments with an exhaust fan, lower the supply speed, greater the thermal comfort. As for environments without exhaustion, ADPI is better when the air intake velocity is higher.Item Análise da aplicação de revestimento duro em aço carbono com o processo FCAW com e sem injeção de arame não energizado(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-08-17) Marques, Vitória Ferreira de Oliveira; Souza, Daniel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2132578584168482; Ferraresi, Valtair Antonio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0727420392683160; Ferraresi, Valtair Antonio; Souza, Daniel; Lima, Aldemi Coelho; Contin, AndreBrazil is the world’s largest producer and exporter of sugar. One of the factors that directly impact the productivity of the sugarcane and alcohol industry is the maintenance of many equipment pieces that are subject to wear mechanisms. The application of hardfacing aims to reduce the wear of these equipment pieces and, consequently, increase their lifespan, reduce downtime, and production costs. To ensure the quality of the hardfacing, a proper selection of the deposited material and process parameters must be made. The objective of this study is to evaluate the resistance to abrasive wear of hardfacings using the FCAW (Flux-Cored Arc Welding) process, both self-shielded and with the addition of non-energized wire, while also assessing two interpass temperatures between weld beads (50°C and 200°C). The goal is to improve wear resistance and reduce the occurrence of solidification cracks. Three types of consumables (FeCrC, FeCrC+Nb, and FeCrC+Ti) with a diameter of 1.6 mm were used. FeCrC was used for the energized wire, while FeCrC+Nb and FeCrC+Ti were used for the non-energized wire. The base metal used was SAE 1045. Test specimens were constructed for wear evaluation in the laboratory using a Rubber Wheel Abrasion Tester in accordance with ASTM G65-91 standard. Wear evaluation was performed based on mass loss. Hardness and microstructure analyses of the coatings were also carried out. The best results for resistance to abrasive wear were obtained with the combination of FeCrC and FeCrC+Ti (nonenergized wire). It showed better performance at both interpass temperatures compared to other wire combinations. In all combinations, the presence of M7C3 carbides was observed. The combination of FeCrC and FeCrC+Ti showed the presence of titanium carbides (TiC), while the combination of FeCrC andFeCrC+Nb exhibited niobium carbides (NbC). All combinations with an interpass temperature of 200°C demonstrated higher wear resistance compared to those with an interpass temperature of 50°C.Item Tratamento de superfície em substratos de aço da indústria farmacêutica via laser de CO2(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-08-31) Martins, André Carvalho; Cunha, Daniel Fernandes da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7364532451621106; Contin, André; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5450987692265022; Contin, André; Bertholdi, Jonas; Ferreira Filho, Demóstenes; Cunha, Daniel Fernandes daAISI 304 stainless steels play a crucial role in the pharmaceutical industry due to their resistance to chemical reactivity. However, their wear resistance is limited in high-temperature and highpressure environments. Laser treatment emerges as a promising approach to enhance their properties. In this study, a low-cost 100 W CO2 laser is used for the surface treatment of AISI 304 steels, with the addition of carbon black powder. The results showed a significant increase in surface hardness after laser treatment compared to the untreated substrate. EDS analyses revealed the presence of carbon on the surface of the substrates. In addition to the increased surface hardness, the coefficient of friction of the laser-treated samples was reduced when compared to the reference substrate. Ultimately, carbon black acted as a photoabsorbing material for radiation, a source of carbon for increasing surface hardness, and as a solid lubricant. These results demonstrate the viability of using a low-cost CO2 laser as an efficient, versatile, and rapid alternative to improve the properties of materials employed in the pharmaceutical industry.Item Avaliação de resistência mecânica e análise de forma geométrica de elementos de fixação por rosca fabricados através de manufatura aditiva(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2023-08-31) Prado, Thiago Menezes do; Viana, Rhander; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5270141650315822; Cunha, Daniel Fernandes da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7364532451621106; Cunha, Daniel Fernandes da; Ziberov, Maksyn; Medeiros, Everton Coelho de; Viana, RhanderThe work addresses the mechanical tensile strength of internal fillets in specimens manufactured in PLA and ABS from additive manufacturing by Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM). Test specimens measuring 30 x 30 x 20 mm were manufactured in PLA and ABS with a 3D printer model Ender 3 V2. The through hole of the specimens has measurements M12 x 1.75. Varied parameters used were: infill (p), number of walls (w) and height of the layers (h), to enable the understanding of how the mechanical resistance of the material is affected. Thus, the present study aimed to compare the mechanical resistance of PLA and ABS polymers through tensile tests, defining which material has greater resistance and with low production cost from 3D printing. The tensile tests were carried out using a tensile machine with a maximum capacity of 600 kN, which gradually applied tension to the specimens until the material fractured or ruptured. For the result analysis, relation of resistance from the specimens was verified graphically (force x time) and statistically (ANOVA), judging the influence of variables in individual and collective content in the achieved results. Pieces printed in PLA showed a higher quality of mechanical resistance compared to those made from ABS material when graphic results obtained were verified. As a statistical result, the ANOVA analysis identified the factor with greatest influence on tests were infill (P%), being preponderant both individually and collectively, when analyzing its influence with other two variables.