Navegando por Assunto "mangaba"
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Item Variabilidade de plantas e progênies de populações naturais de Hancornia speciosa Gomes do Cerrado(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008-07-30) GANGA, Rita Maria Devós; NAVES, Ronaldo Veloso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2740049203016314; CHAVES, Lázaro José; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9990967290797379The mangaba tree (Hancornia speciosa Gomes) is a fruit tree native from Brazil with potential for domestication, due to its excellent smell, flavor and texture. However, genetic conservation and breeding programs of these species are in an initial developmental phase. This way, this research aimed to characterize trees and fruits of natural populations of H. speciosa, as well as evaluate the distribution of phenotypic variability among them; evaluate progenies of mangaba trees that compose the Escola de Agronomia e Engenharia de Alimentos of Universidade Federal de Goiás (EA/UFG) germplasm collection and estimate genetic parameters for the initial development of plants in the field. Mangaba trees populations have been sampled in different locations of the Brazilian Cerrado, including the states of Goiás, Tocantins, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, and Bahia, totaling 109 mother plants of 35 populations of the botanic varieties pubescens, gardneri, speciosa and cuyabensis. In relation to the trees, plant height, stem perimeter, and number of fruits per plant were taken. From a sample of five fruits per plant, individual measures have been taken, such as: length, diameter, weight, total weight of seeds, average seed weight, pulp plus peel weight, seed number per fruit, pulp plus peel yield, fruit shape and color and estimated production. Seeds from these mother plants were used to install the EA/UFG mangaba germplasm collection in December 2005, in a randomized complete block design with 57 treatments, four replications and one plant per plot in a 5 m x 6 m spacing. The treatments were open pollination progenies, originated from 28 natural populations. The characteristics plant height and stem basal diameter were evaluated in all plants from January 2006 to August 2007, which resulted in 20 data readings. Data from each plant has been transformed into growth rate. The analyses of variance and the genetic parameter estimates were obtained to the growth rate and to the data of latest reading of stem diameter and plant height. The progress was estimated by simulating genetic selection in both sexes and maternal selection. In Cerrado conditions, the results showed that H. speciosa mother plants show high levels of phenotypic variation in fruit characters and most of this variation is among populations. There is a large phenotypic variability in the varieties too. H. speciosa var. gardneri and H. speciosa var. pubescens fruits are larger and heavier. The botanic variety gardneri shows gait more high than the others varieties. In the varieties gardneri and pubescens predominate round shape and light green color, while in speciosa and cuyabensis predominate oblong shape and dark yellow and dark green colors, respectively. The varieties gardneri and pubescens stand out as the most promising for selection based on fruit size and fruit weight. The mangaba tree progenies of the germplasm collection of EA/UFG present high levels of genetic variation in stem diameter and plant height and to their growth rates. Most of the genetic variation in stem diameter is within populations and to plant height is among populations. H. speciosa var. cuyabensis and H. speciosa var. gardneri show greater growth in stem diameter and plant height. On account of the expected progress of selection, the collection can be used as seed orchard or clonal garden, without plant thinning, collecting seeds or buds of superior plants. The maternal selection is recommended to maintain greater variability in future breeding cycles, permitting progress from selection and maintaining the germoplasm collection intact.Item CARACTERÍSTICAS FÍSICAS, QUÍMICAS E ACEITABILIDADE DE SORVETE COM MANGABA E REDUZIDO TEOR ENERGÉTICO(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008-08-20) SANTOS, Grazielle Gebrim; SILVA, Mara Reis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1918901292419167Mangaba (Hancornia speciosa Gomez) is a typical Cerrado biome fruit widely used in regional gastronomy and pharmacology. Its distinguished potentialities brought up increased interest and stimulated sustainable cultivation in the Northeast and Central West Regions of Brazil. The replacement of shortening and sugar on the physical and chemical properties of mangaba ice cream was evaluated, as well as its microbiological quality and acceptability. Four test formulas were elaborated: with partial replacement of sugar and total replacement of shortening for Selecta Light (SL), with total replacement of shortening for Dairy-Lo (DL), with total replacement of shortening for Litesse and sugar for Lactitol and sucralose (LLS), and with total replacement of shortening for Dairy-Lo and sugar for Lactitol and sucralose (DLS). Mangaba pulp and ice cream formulas accepted in the sensory test were subjected to chemical, physical and microbiological analyses. Mangaba pulp had a high moisture content (82.65%) and of titratable acidity (16.40%). All ice cream formulas were accepted by the sensory test and the highest mean (7.58) was obtained with the SL formula in the global acceptance, which significantly differed from the control. Moisture and total solids content differed significantly. SL protein concentration was similar to control, but significantly different from formulas DL and DLS. The largest reduction in the total energetic value (50%) was observed in the formulas prepared with Litesse, Lactitol, and Sucralose. Replacement of shortening, sugar or both resulted in overrun decrease and also affected viscosity. The highest melting rate was observed in formulas containing Dairy-Lo, Lactitol, and Sucralose. All formulas had a good level of appearance and global acceptance. Microbiological standards of mangaba pulp and ice cream formulas are in agreement with Brazilian legislation requirements. Mangaba ice cream with low energetic value, elaborated with Selecta Light or with a combination of Litesse, Lactitol, and Sucralose obtained the best quality characteristics.Item Caracterização de frutos e de mudas de mangabeira(Hancornia speciosa Gomes) de Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-10-28) VIEIRA, Muza do Carmo; SOUZA, Eli Regina Barboza de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7641431808466123; NAVES, Ronaldo Veloso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2740049203016314Mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa) is a fruit tree, native to Brazil and found in various regions of the country, from the Coastal Plains and Southeast. We conducted this study in order to characterize fruits and seedlings in nursery and field mangabeira of different plants and natural areas of occurrence in the Cerrado of the State of Goiás ten areas were selected and each were chosen randomly plants were in full production. These plants were collected up to 12 fruits. Separating samples of five ripe fruit per plant are evaluated the following characteristics: weight, transversal and longitudinal directions, the total number of seeds and the total mass of seeds. Each pulped fruit and seeds washed and dried, separated samples per plant and a subsample of these two seeds were sown in separate tubes and for evaluation of emergency (%) and emergence speed index (ESI) (%). In the nursery, seedlings originated from seeds that were evaluated: length (cm) and number of air p sheets (NPF). Data were collected monthly for each offspring to the tenth evaluation. Ultimately, they separate, and these six plants, three samples per array seedlings were planted in the field at the School of Agronomy and Food Engineering - UFG and three in the Federal Institute Campus Urutaí Goiás-GO and underwent monthly assessments leading into account the diameter (mm) length (cm) and number of pair of sheets. Among matrices test was performed for average, maximum, minimum and coefficient of variation. Means were compared by Tukey test at 5% probabilidde. It was observed that the average fruit weight of mangabeira collection areas in the State of Goiás is 42.7 g, the emergence of the seeds began the 12th day after sowing (DAS), extending to 41; the mean emergence was 55.4% and the average number of days to emergence was 22.64 (DAS), seedlings in nurseries practically stabilize its growth between May and September. The average monthly rate of growth ranged from 0.1 cm (January-February) to 6.1 cm (September-October), with an average rate of 2.19 cm. In the field mangabeira presents a good early growth with monthly increase of 4.8 cm from January to February, 8.1 cm from February to March, closing at 2.1 cm from March to April of 2011 and average final growth of 3.75 cm, for the seedlings in Goiania. In Urutaí monthly increase was 1.0 cm in the months from February to March and - 5 cm from March to April of 2011, with an average of 0.5 cm of growth. It is suggested seedlings between 3 and 4 months to be taken to the field, so that development gains are sustained.