Navegando por Assunto "pequi"
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Item Caracterização da estrutura genética de populações de Caryocar brasiliense Camb. no estado de Goiás utilizando marcadores moleculares microssatélites(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2005-08-25) Chaves, Sivany Rodrigues; Sibov, Sérgio Tadeu; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4627553641870284; Sibov, Sérgio Tadeu; Cruz, Aparecido Divino da; Chaves, Lázaro JoséThe species Caryocar brasiliense Camb. (pequizeiro) is a common tree fruitful in the Brazilian savannah (Cerrado) with great economic and social potential. The objective of this study goals the increase of information for an efficient breeding program for specie domestication and conservation. Eleven natural populations of “pequizeiro”, 30 individuals each, was sampled on five different regions of Goiás state. The genetics structure of these natural populations was analyzed based on variability at eight microsatellite loci in about 330 individuals. The number of alleles per locus it varied of 22 to 32 (mean = 28). The waited and observed heterozigosity varied of 0,843 to 0,920 and 0,546 to 0,758, respectively. Measures of genetic differentiation indicated significant differences between most populations (FST = 0,064 and RST = 0,439). RST values among samples were high and much higher than FST indicating a divergence between the model that consider alleles to be identical by descent, and the model of identity by state in these populations. Estimated number of migrants was high, Nm = 3,63 (mean), and the existence of private alleles indicated reduced gene flow and a consequently possible damage to the metapopulations structure. Significant correlation was not found between geographical distance and measure of genetic divergence, suggesting the intense gene flow in the past that joined the populations that are separated today.Item Produção de frutos e entomofauna associada ao pequizeiro (Caryocar brasiliense CAMB.) no cerrado do estado de Goiás(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2007-09-21) FERREIRA, Gislene Auxiliadora; NAVES, Ronaldo Veloso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2740049203016314; CHAVES, Lázaro José; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9990967290797379; VELOSO, Valquíria da Rocha Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7952914949535819The Brazilian Savannah is rich in biodiversity and possess high number of fruitful species with potential of use for human consumption. The pequizeiro is a native species of the Savannah with economic and cultural importance for Midle-Western Brazil, needing, however, techniques that make possible the implantation of orchards, its conduction and the harvest of fruits, aiming at to reduce the pressure on the natural environment, as well as the maintenance of the regional culture. The present work considers to characterize the production of pequizeiros of natural occurrence in fifteen dispersed populations in five regions of the State of Goiás; to study the occurrence, behavior and bioecology of entomofauna present in the plants of the pequizeiro in sixteen populations of pequizeiro of the State of Goiás; e to evaluate the occurrence of Eunica bechina in fourteen locations of this State with raised natural occurrence of pequizeiros and its potential of plague. The criterion of election of the populations considered the biggest space dispersion of these, the bigger production of fruits, and the relative nucleation of the trees of pequizeiro in each population. The studied pequizeiros had presented averages: production (132,28 fruits/plant), diameter in the base (0,40 m), diameter in the height of the chest (0,35 m), total height (7,64 m), height of the pantry to the ground (2,97 m), projection of the area of the pantry (83,34 m2), with 1,58 average frutos.m-2 of projection of the area of the pantry in the ground. Promising plants for future programs of improvement of the pequizeiro exist. The production of the pequizeiro is irregular in the State of Goiás between harvests, plants and population, being considered on average low. There is one raised group of organisms interacting with the pequizeiro , being distinguished the insects that can contributed for the production. The species gotten with the percentages of occurrence in the different populations belonged to the orders, respectively: Hemiptera (25.64%), Coleoptera (17.95%), Lepidoptera (16.67%), Hymenoptera (15.39%), Díptera (11.54%), Orthoptera (6.41%), Neuroptera (2.56%), Isoptera (1.28%), Thysanoptera (1.28%), Psicoptera (1.28%). The joined species in the sixteen pequizeiro populations had more frequently been: Eulechriops sp. (100%), Atta laevigatta (93.75%), Eunica bechina (93.75%), Lyriomisia sp. (93.75%), Edessa rufomarginata (100%) and Rhodoneura intermedia (100%), Phydotricha erigens (81.75%). The species T. tibiali, A laevigatta, R. intermedia, Carmenta sp., E. rufomarginata and E. bechina can be considered potential plagues of the pequizeiro in the Savannah of the State of Goiás. It is needed more studies on the contribution of the fauna, illnesses, the one grass-of-bird and of the insolation in the production of the pequizeiro . It is necessary the establishment of sustainable measures of handling for the extractive and the plantation, conduction and production of fruits of the pequizeiro .