Trabalho, gênero e identidade no setor de confecção no município de Goiânia-Go: o polo da região da Rua 44
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2017-12-20
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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This thesis proposes to analyze the organization of work and the identity of the workers employed in establishments in the polo area of Rua 44, in Goiânia, GO. Working at the Pole involves the imbrication between production and commercialization. In view of this particularity, the activities and labor processes involved in the work in the Pole were investigated, questioning the organization, relationships and configuration of work, the position of men and women in the occupation and the construction of professional identity. The methodology that supported the research consists of triangulation of sources and methods, covering the quantitative approach of secondary data (PNAD, Census and RAIS) and primary data (surveys conducted at the Pole) and the qualitative approach of primary data (semi-structured interviews). This analysis of the organization of the work allowed to identify that the majority of owners manufacture their goods in factions at home with the help of the family. However, there is a clearly sexual division of labor in the productive process: women carry out the simplest and most manual steps; the men perform the most valued activities and with some technological resource. In the business venue, women perform the sales function; if they are owners, they also perform the function of managers of the establishment. Men are predominantly managerial and most hire women for the sales function. Women's qualifications, schooling and remuneration are lower than men’s. As for the working conditions in the Pole, the work space is small and tight, the workers do not have schedule for meals or a rest break. Regardless of the position occupied, women combine productive work with reproductive work. Thus, the working hours for most women is double, for female manufacturers it is triple. The use of technology is low in the two activities: production and marketing. In labor relations, it was found that half of the workers have an unprotected, or informal, work link; the majority are women. Informality also encompasses economic activity and its outsourcers. About the work in the Pole, it was possible to verify that it is based around the new forms of organization of the work, having in the informality and the precariousness its main characteristics. Regarding the position in the occupation, it was verified that the majority of the women occupy the offices of execution, of less qualification and low remuneration. Although men and women occupy business command posts, men are more skilled and better paid than women. Concerning social recognition, it has been found that practically all workers give a positive meaning to work, they like what they do and are satisfied, which includes workers in precarious forms of work. Positive recognition also covers the way they think work is perceived by family, friends, and others. Thus, this study supports the following thesis: even though the organization of the work in the Pole of clothing making has been affected by changes in the world of work and has been reconfigured through flexible and precarious work, it allows the construction of a positive identity linked to the work in the sector.
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SILVA, S. M. Trabalho, gênero e identidade no setor de confecção no município de Goiânia-Go: o polo da região da Rua 44. 2017. 265 f. Tese (Doutorado em Sociologia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2017.