Síntese e caracterização de polímeros biodegradáveis para liberação controlada de dexametasona
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2014-12-01
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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Bioabsorbable and biodegradable polymers are extremely importante in medical applications such as sutures and controlled drug realease systems because they do not produce toxic products. In this sense, several researches prepare and characterize polylactic acid but do not apply it or vice-versa. The present work aimed to prepare and characterize polylactic acid and perform in vitro and in vivo tests in inflammaded knees of sheeps. In this work, the polymers PLLA and PDLLA were sinthesized by melt policondensation method. In order to reach a higher molecular weight of polymers, catalysts were used based on zinc and tin supported on sulfonated styrene-divinylbenzene (Sty-DVB) copolymers. The Sty-DVB copolymer was synthesized through suspension polymerization in the presence of inert diluents. The Sty-DVB copolymer was sulfonated with concentrated sulfuric acid in the presence of dichloroethane. The original and sulfonated copolymer, as well, the supported catalysts were characterized by nitrogen physical adsorption, FTIR, EDS, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, atomic absorption spectrometry and thermogravimetric analysis. PLLA and PDLLA were characterized by inherent viscosity measurements, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance of 1H and 13C. PDLLA nanospheres were prepared through nanoprecipitation method without and with the incorporation of dexamethasone, an anti-inflammatory drug. The polymeric nanospheres were characterized by dynamic light scattering to measure medium diameter and polydispersity index, as well, zeta potential The encapsulation efficiency, the drug loading, the yield as well as controlled release drug profile in dialyses membrane were obtained by high performance liquid chromatography analyzes. Tin was supported on sulfonated Sty-DVB copolymer as SnO2, while zinc was detected by EDS analysis without the possibility of compound type identification. Tin supported catalyst was more efficient than zinc containing catalyst. PDLLA nanospheres containing encapsulated dexamethasone with medium diameter of 80 nm and polydispersity index near 0.110 were obtained with excellent reproducibility. Encapsulation efficiency, dexamethasone load in PDLLA and yield were 75 %, 3.5 % and 78 %, respectively. In vivo tests showed the visual apparence on recuperation of inflamed sheep knees treated with PDLLA nanoespheres were excelente compared to the ones treated with comercial dexametasone.
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CASANOVA, M. C. R. Síntese e caracterização de polímeros biodegradáveis para liberação controlada de dexametasona. 2014. 132 f. Tese (Doutorado em Química)–Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2014.