Incidentes em unidades de atenção primária em saúde: percepção da equipe de enfermagem

Abstract

Introduction: Primary Health Care is the gateway and the first point of contact between the patient and the health system. Investigations focused on patient safety at this level of care are scarce but essential for diagnosing care processes for that preventive measures are taken to improve the quality of care and minimize possible incidents. There is a need for more nursing commitment to involve patients and professionals in the prevention of incidents in this context. Objective: To analyze the perception of professionals of the nursing team regarding the occurrence of incidents in patients attending primary healthcare units. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study with a mixed approach, developed in 24 Basic Health Units of a municipality in the Central South Region of Goiás, with a population of 97 professionals from the nursing team. The data were collected in March 2018 through an interview with the PCISME (Primary Care International Study of Medical Errors) questionnaire to register incidents in APS, adapted and validated for the Brazilian reality. Descriptive analysis of quantitative data and content analysis of qualitative data were performed with the help of ATLAS.ti 7.5.4. Results / Discussion: We identified 88 incidents, divided into care: the most frequent were the vaccination, with 26 reports, followed by medication and fall; and administrative: being 11 related to administrative service and seven organizational structure and material resources. Among the incidents, 52 were considered adverse events, as they caused damage to the patient, two of which were permanent damage and two deaths. The professional category involved in the highest number of incidents were the nursing technicians in 45 reports, followed by doctors, administrative staff and nurses. The results presented the need to deepen this theme in other primary care services in order to improve the quality of care provided by qualified professionals and improve the quality of the organization of services and consequently the safety of patient care. Conclusions: The perception of nursing team's evidenced the need to sensitize managers and health professionals in order to expand strategies of permanent education, the use of instruments of notification of the incidents, since these actions contribute in the diagnosis of the health situation and professionals to promote improvements through safe and quality care. It should be emphasized that encouraging the production of research related to the subject in PHC is a way forward.